Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906626320210519223229EN1.Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,2.Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, IranDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Menopause Andropause Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranReproductive Health Promotion Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranDepatment of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran20210501<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parent–adolescent dialog on sexual issues reduces high‑risk sexual behavior in adolescents. However, many adolescents are deprived of such training. Several factors may affect the sexual dialog between parents and adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with mother–adolescent daughter dialog on sexual health matters in Iran.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>This cross‑sectional study was carried out on 363 female adolescents aged 14‑18 years in Ahvaz‑Iran, between June 2015 and January 2016. Data collection was conducted utilizing multi‑stage cluster sampling in high schools using the Parent–adolescent sexual dialog questionnaire and the parent–adolescent general dialogue questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed using content and face validity and their reliability was confirmed through internal consistency. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, independent one‑sample and two‑sample <em>t</em>‑tests, one‑way ANOVA, and Post‑HOC (Duncan) test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean score of mother–daughter sexual dialog had a significant relationship with mother’s education (<em>F = </em>4.03, <em>p </em>&gt; 0.003), adolescent’s major (<em>F </em>= 4.48, <em>p </em>&lt; 0.004), mother–daughter general communication (<em>p </em>&lt; 0.001), and emotional relationship with parents (<em>F </em>= 6.47, <em>p </em>&lt; 0.002). The more is the mother–daughter general communication, the more will be their sexual communication (<em>p </em>&lt; 0.001). There was no relationship between the score of mother–daughter sexual communication and the age of mother or adolescent, parents’ job, parents’ marital status, and having sisters (<em>p </em>= 0.86).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Some demographic characteristics of parents and adolescents, and the parent–adolescent emotional relationship can affect the communication between them about sexual issues. So efforts to enhance this communication should consider these factors as mediator variables.</p><em></em>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/1798http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/1798/70707372