Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906627220220301166168ENDepartment of Mathematical Sciences, Isfahan University of Technology, IsfahanChild Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable DiseaseDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of MedicineDepartment of Health Education And Promotion, Social Determinants Of Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd,5Department of Health, Azad University of Firoozabad Branch, FarsNutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IranDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan,20220312<p><strong>Background: </strong>Some studies have shown that Socioeconomic Status (SES) is positively related to insulin resistance among different population groups, except for pregnant women. Therefore, we examined the relationship between SES and Homeostasis Model Assessment‑Insulin Resistance (HOMA‑IR) index as well as mediating variables.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>This study was performed on 138 primiparous healthy women at 6–10 weeks of pregnancy. The association between SES and HOMA‑IR was analyzed by regression analysis, and mediating variables were determined by mediation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SES score was positively correlated with HOMA‑IR index [<em>β </em>= 0.02, <em>t</em>101 = 2.20, <em>p </em>= 0.03, 95% CI: (0.00–0.05]. The higher percentage of mediation was related to maternal weigh (70.80%). Job activity had a protective effect on the association between SES and HOMA‑IR (‑62.50%). The total percentage of two mediators was 25%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The positive relationship between SES and (HOMA‑IR) in early pregnancy may provide a way to control this condition.</p><p> <strong>Keywords:</strong><em></em></p>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/1884http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/1884/70707458