Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-9066141200904208282MSc, Health Deputy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranPhD student of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Medical Education science Center (MERK), Isfahan University of Medical Sci-ences, Isfahan, IranMSc, Department of Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranMSc , School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranMSc, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University of Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran20101113<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> Normal 0 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id=ieooui></object> <style> st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } </style> <![endif]--> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} </style> <![endif]--> <p><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Behavioral and emotional disorders are common disorders during childhood and adolescents. Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is common among children, which result in behavioral problems and weak performance in school.</p> <p><strong>METHODS:</strong> A cross-sectional study on 450 primary school students in Isfahan in 2006. Sampling was stratified random and data were collected using Vanderbilt Assessment Scale - Parent Informant.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> 2.1% of the students had the criteria for attention deficit disorder, 7.7% had hyperactivity disorder and 2.4% had both disorders (ADHD). Also, 5.6% had oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and 9.1% had criteria of depression and anxiety disorder.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Primary school students' health leads to the health of society. It is necessary to check up students for common disorders, because if these disorders are not diagnosed and cured on time, may lead to delinquency in adolescence or&nbsp; anti-social personality disorder in adulthood.</p> <strong>KEY WORDS:</strong> Attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder, primary school studentshttp://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/82http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/82/82