Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906627320220522Positive Consequences of the Hidden Curriculum in Undergraduate Nursing Education: An Integrative Review 169180ENDepartment of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad,Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad,Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, MashhadSocial Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran20220522<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hidden Curriculum (HC) plays an essential role in nursing education and professionalism. However, its positive consequences have been overlooked. Thus, this study aimed to explore and discuss the positive consequences of HC in nursing undergraduate education.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted to investigate articles published between January 2010 and December 2020. Furthermore, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‑Analyses (PRISMA) was used to select articles, and Consolidated criteria for Reporting Qualitative research (COREQ) and Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) tools were employed to appraise qualitative and quantitative studies, respectively. The applied search strategy resulted in a final list of 16 articles out of a total of 132 articles. Next, the data were integrated and categorized using the Whittemore and Knafl methodology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three categories were identified: Individual Consequences; involving increased self‑confidence, self‑esteem, assertiveness, adaptation, autonomy, and lifelong learning. Social Consequences; involving enhanced socialization, cultural consciousness, and social interactions. Professional Consequences; involving professional socialization, professional identity, professional ethics, link theory and practice, and professional dignity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Altogether, we concluded that the emergence of HC and its positive and remarkable consequences in nursing knowledge helps the personal, social, and professional development in nursing.</p><p><strong><br /></strong><em></em></p>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/1885http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/1885/70707470Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906627320220522The Effects of a Multimedia Education on Self Efficacy and Self Esteem among Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Clinical Randomized Trial181187ENMedical Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, ShahrekordAdults Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanMedical Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, ShahrekordBiostatistics and Epidmilolgy Department, Faculty of Halth, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran20220522Background: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is the first leading cause of death in the industrial world. It is associated with low self esteem and self efficacy. Given that patient education is a key role of nurses, this study sought to evaluate the effects of multimedia education on self efficacy and self esteem among patients with ACS. <br />Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2017 on 60 patients recruited from the two coronary care units of Hajar and Kashani hospitals, Shahrekord, Iran. Participants were randomly allocated to an intervention and a control group. The study intervention was a multimedia educational program. Data were collected before and 1 and 2 months after the intervention onset using a demographic questionnaire, the Cardiac Self Efficacy Scale, and Coopersmith Self Esteem Inventory. Data analyses were performed using repeated measures analysis of variance, t test, Chi square test, and Fisher’s exact test.<br />Results: The mean score of self efficacy in the intervention group (F2 = 119.26, p < 0.001) and in the control group (F2 = 74.21, p < 0.001) significantly increased across the three measurement time points. The mean score of self esteem in the intervention group significantly increased across the three measurement time points (F2 = 101.19, p < 0.001), while it remained significantly unchanged in the control group (F2 = 2.56, p = 0.086). <br />Conclusions: Multimedia education is effective in significantly improving self efficacy and self esteem among patients with ACS. Therefore, nurses can use this strategy to improve these patients’ self efficacy and self esteem.<br /><br /><br />http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/1886http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/1886/70707471Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906627320220524Development of Smart Postpartum Care Application Based on Community Health Centers, as a Method for Mentoring Postpartum Mothers: A Mixed Method Approach188192ENNursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas DiponegoroNursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas DiponegoroElectrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia2022052420220524<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early detection of postpartum problems can help reduce maternal mortality in Indonesia. Early detection can be achieved by monitoring postpartum mothers using a guidance system. The purpose of this study was to describe the development of a guidance system, namely, Smart Postpartum Care (SMAP CARE) and present its functional and acceptance tests.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>This study was a development study conducted in 2019 using a mixed‑method approach. Data were collected through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and a literature study. The FGD participants consisted of six doctors, six nurses, and midwives from six community health Public health center in Semarang City, Indonesia. The collected data were analyzed using the Colaizzi method. The content of the postpartum mentoring application was based on input from the experts in health education and health services. Before widely applied, a feasibility study on the application was carried out in community health centers involving postpartum mothers and health care teams.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five themes were generated from FGDs: (1) postpartum monitoring facilities; (2) monitoring postpartum mothers through visits to health centers and home care; (3) problems with postpartum mothers (including problems with mothers, babies, and the environment); (4) management of high‑risk postpartum mothers; and (5) the risk of postpartum mothers, which could cause death. The SMAP CARE provides some features to educate postpartum mothers, for example (a) changes in the physiological aspects of postpartum mothers, (b) breast milk, (c) newborn care, (d) signs of danger in newborns, (e) problems with babies, (f) problems with postpartum mothers, and (g) signs of danger in postpartum mothers.</p><p> <strong>Conclusions: </strong>The application developed in this research, SMAP CARE, helps to facilitate mentoring for postpartum mothers and can be extended to community health centers in Indonesia.</p>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/1887http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/1887/70707459Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906627320220524The Effectiveness of Self Compassion Based Training Program on Resilience of Mothers of Children with Type 1 Diabetes in Isfahan, Iran193197ENDepartments of Psychiatric Nursing,Student Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and MidwiferyNursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery,Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranFaculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran2022052420220524<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">Concerns about the complications of diabetes and the responsibility of constantly managing a child’s blood glucose are stressful for parents, especially for mothers, and can reduce their resilience. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a self‑compassion‑based training program on the resilience of mothers of children with type 1 diabetes.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">Materials and Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">This is a randomized clinical trial study. The statistical population of the study consisted of all mothers of children with type 1 diabetes who were being treated at the Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Centre, Iran. The study samples were recruited conveniently, 64 of whom were randomly divided into two groups (compassion training program = 32; control group = 32). The intervention group participated in eight training sessions. Data were analyzed using </span><em><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">t</span></em><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">‑test, and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) tests for between‑group comparisons of dependent variables. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">There was no significant difference between the mean scores of resilience before intervention (p > 0.05). Mean scores of resilience in the intervention group were significantly higher than the control group immediately (F </span><span style="font-size: 5.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">1,60 </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">= 9.726 </span><em><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">p </span></em><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">= 0.003) and 1 month after intervention (F</span><span style="font-size: 5.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">1, 60 </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">= 13.146, </span><em><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">p </span></em><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">= 0.001). </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">It may be worthwhile to suggest compassion‑based training program for mothers of children with type 1 diabetes to improve their resilience. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT','serif'; color: #ba0170;"><br /></span></strong><em></em></p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:DoNotShowRevisions/>
<w:DoNotPrintRevisions/>
<w:DoNotShowComments/>
<w:DoNotShowInsertionsAndDeletions/>
<w:DoNotShowPropertyChanges/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>AR-SA</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:DoNotShowRevisions/>
<w:DoNotPrintRevisions/>
<w:DoNotShowComments/>
<w:DoNotShowInsertionsAndDeletions/>
<w:DoNotShowPropertyChanges/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>AR-SA</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]--><p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">Background: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">Concerns about the complications of diabetes and the responsibility of constantly managing a child’s blood glucose are stressful for parents, especially for mothers, and can reduce their resilience. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a self‑compassion‑based training program on the resilience of mothers of children with type 1 diabetes.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">Materials and Methods: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">This is a randomized clinical trial study. The statistical population of the study consisted of all mothers of children with type 1 diabetes who were being treated at the Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Centre, Iran. The study samples were recruited conveniently, 64 of whom were randomly divided into two groups (compassion training program = 32; control group = 32). The intervention group participated in eight training sessions. Data were analyzed using </span><em><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">t</span></em><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">‑test, and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) tests for between‑group comparisons of dependent variables. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">Results: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">There was no significant difference between the mean scores of resilience before intervention (p > 0.05). Mean scores of resilience in the intervention group were significantly higher than the control group immediately (F </span><span style="font-size: 5.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">1,60 </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">= 9.726 </span><em><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">p </span></em><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">= 0.003) and 1 month after intervention (F</span><span style="font-size: 5.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">1, 60 </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">= 13.146, </span><em><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">p </span></em><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">= 0.001). </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">Conclusions: </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">It may be worthwhile to suggest compassion‑based training program for mothers of children with type 1 diabetes to improve their resilience. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT','serif'; color: #ba0170;">Keywords: </span></strong><em><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT','serif'; color: #231f20;">Self‑Compassion, resilience, diabetes mellitus, type 1</span></em></p>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/1888http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/1888/70707460Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906627320220523Evaluating the Use of Communication Board on Cortisol Level and Physiological Parameters in Mechanically Ventilated Patients198203ENDepartment of Medical Surgical Nursing and Basic Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, TehranDepartment of Medical Surgical Nursing and Basic Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, TehranDepartment of Biostatistics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Medical Surgical Nursing and Basic Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran2022052420220524<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mechanically ventilated patients experience a high level of anxiety due to their therapeutic condition. Anxiety is one of the strongest emotions that patients under mechanical ventilation experience due to their inability to communicate with others. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using a communication board on these patients’ by assessing serum cortisol level and vital signs.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>This randomized clinical trial study was conducted in 2020. This study included 60 ventilated patients, who had been randomly assigned into two intervention and control groups. After blood sampling and evaluation of cortisol and physiological parameters, patients in the control group received routine communication by nurses, whereas those in the intervention group received communication using a communication board. Subsequently, the serum cortisol level and physiological parameters were measured again.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics. There was a significant difference in blood cortisol levels before and after in the intervention group (t29 = 15.52, <em>p </em>< 0.001). After the intervention, the intervention group’s systolic blood pressure (t58 = −3.78, <em>p </em>< 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (t58 = −3.79, <em>p </em>< 0.001), and heart rate (t58 = −2.09, <em>p </em>= 0.041) were significantly lower than the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Communication through a communication board in mechanically ventilated patients leads to decreased cortisol levels and physiological parameters. It is recommended to do more studies about communication boards’ content and use this tool for more prolonged periods.</p><p><strong><br /></strong><em></em></p>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/1889http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/1889/70707461Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906627320220524The Lived Experiences of Iranian Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Qualitative Research204210EN1Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranReproductive Health, Promotion Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranGolestan Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranDepartment of Medical and Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran2022052420220524<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects various systems of the body. The present study was conducted with the aim to explain the lived experiences of Iranian patients with RA.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>According to the research question, the phenomenological research approach was used. The participants were selected through purposive sampling, and sampling was continued until data saturation was achieved. The data was collected by conducting unstructured interviews and using an audio recorder. To interpret the data, an interpretive/ hermeneutic approach was implemented using Van Manen’s method. In addition, Lincoln and Guba’s criteria were used to evaluate data robustness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 24 participants participated in the study. Overall, 145 basic concept codes were extracted which were classified into the four main themes of self‑management with the participation of the family, spiritual resilience in the face of existing problems, the tendency to hide the disease, and the fear of an uncertain future.</p><p> <strong>Conclusions:</strong> It is recommended that care providers use the findings of this study to develop care plans in the various aspects of the physical, mental, social, and spiritual needs of patients with RA based on their concerns and deep experiences. It is also suggested that other qualitative research approach methodologies such as grounded theory for explaining the process of patient care and providing an appropriate model, or action research for solving the problems of hospitalized patients through suitable care at home be implemented.</p><p><strong><br /></strong><em></em></p>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/1890http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/1890/70707462Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906627320220524Effective Factors on Implementation of Pediatric Home Care Program Amid COVID 19 Pandemic: Facilitators and Barriers211215ENStudent Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanDepartment of Nursing Management, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Pediatric and Neonates, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran2022052420220524<p><strong>Background: </strong>Home care service is considered as comprehensive care for children with chronic disease or COVID‑19. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the implementation of a home care nursing program for such children in 2019–2020.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>A descriptive‑analytical study was conducted with 198 nurses working in pediatric wards of selective hospitals of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The data were collected through an author‑administered questionnaire with 44 questions. The questionnaire was designed in two parts. Part one involved gathering the demographic data of the participants. Facilitating and barrier factors of the implementation of the care were prioritized and examined in part two by using the Likert scale in both the individual and the organizational domains. The data were analyzed using the mean frequency and paired <em>t </em>test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean (SD) score of individual and organizational facilitating factors were 65.65 (16.24) and 65.98 (11.29), respectively, and the mean (SD) score of the organizational barriers was 82.04 (14.36), which was significantly higher than the mean score (SD) of the individual barriers of 57.94 (14.82) (t197 = 21.32, <em>p </em>< 0.05). The most important individual facilitating factor (53.82%) was “respectful communication with the family,” and the most important organizational facilitator (80.40%) was “Physicians’ support of the nurses.”</p><p> <strong>Conclusions: </strong>Organizational factors were the most significant barriers. Therefore, the findings of this study will help policymakers in the program implementation.</p>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/1891http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/1891/70707463Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906627320220524The Effect of the Clinical Supervision Model on Nurses’ Performance in Atrial Fibrillation Care216220ENDepartments of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranIntensive Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranNursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran2022052420220524<p><strong>Background: </strong>A model of clinical education for reducing the theory‑practice gap is the clinical supervision model. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the clinical supervision model on nurses’ performance in Atrial Fibrillation (AF) care in a Critical Care Unit (CCU).</p><p> <strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>This quasi‑experimental study was conducted with a pretest‑posttest design. Through stratified random sampling, 36 eligible nurses working in the CCU in Hospitals in Isfahan, Iran, were selected. The data gathering tools included a demographic questionnaire (7 items) and a performance checklist (44 items). Data were analyzed using descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and analytical statistics (ANOVA, LSD, post hoc test, and paired t‑test). The level of statistical significance was <em>p </em>≤ 0.05.</p><p> <strong>Results: </strong>Paired t‑test showed that there was a significant difference between the mean total scores of nurses’ performance and its dimension before and after the intervention (<em>p </em>< 0.001). The results of ANOVA before the intervention showed that there was a significant difference between the mean (SD) scores of care [63.14 (13.08), t = 13.66], pharmacologic [68.98 (13.15), t = 8.20], and electrical cardioversion dimensions <strong>[</strong>63.37 (10.47), t = 16.82, <em>p </em>< 0.001<strong>]</strong>. The results of ANOVA showed that the mean (SD) scores of the all dimensions did not differ significantly after the intervention <strong>[</strong>82.91 (9.75), 84.95 (83.87), and 83.51 (8.07), respectively, <em>p </em>> 0.05].</p><p> <strong>Conclusions: </strong>The clinical supervision model can be used as an educational model combined with supervision to improve nurses’ performance in providing care to patients with AF.</p>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/1892http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/1892/70707464Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906627320220624Identifying and Responding to the Sexual Reproductive Health Needs of Women with Heart Disease: A Qualitative Study221228ENProfessor of Reproductive Health, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Reproductive Sciences and Sexual Health Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesAssociated Professor Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Al Zahra Hospital Isfahan University of Medical SciencesCardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan,Assistant Professor, Reproductive Sciences and Sexual Health Research Center, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health -Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran2022052420220524<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recognizing the needs of women with heart disease in the field of reproductive health and meeting them can reduce the related complications. The aim of this study was to identify the sexual and reproductive health needs of these women.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>The present study was conducted with qualitative approach (Content analysis). Ten married women of reproductive age with heart disease and 20 providers and managers in, Isfahan, Iran, were selected by using purposive and snowball methods (in 2020). The research setting included heart disease clinics, offices of health team, comprehensive health centers, and the Isfahan Maternal Health Department. Data were collected by semi‑structured individual face‑to‑face interviews in the clinic or other appropriate locations. Some interviews were conducted virtually. Analysis was performed by Qualitative contentment analysis / Conventional content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sexual and reproductive health needs of women with heart disease were emerged in five main categories, “planned childbearing,” “ssociocultural support,” “Early reproductive health care of girls,” “health team attention to sexual health,” and “health system revision.”</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Providing comprehensive reproductive health services before and during pregnancy, family planning, and sexual health for women with heart disease is necessary. It seems that using a multidisciplinary team approach could improve their reproductive health.</p><p><strong><br /></strong><em></em></p>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/1893http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/1893/70707465Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906627320220523How a Self Management Program Affects Blood Pressure Among Indonesians with Hypertension: A Quasi Experimental Study229235ENFaculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, ThailandFaculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand,Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, ThailandFaculty of Sport Science, Chulalongkorn University ThailandFaculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand,3Politeknik Kesehatan Kementrian Kesehatan Pangkal Pinang, Bangka Belitung, Indonesia2022052420220524<p> <strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of persons with hypertension remains high, especially in Southeast Asia, such as in Indonesia. Therefore, an effort to control blood pressure is needed. This study aimed to examine the effect of a self‑management program on blood pressure among persons with hypertension in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>A quasi‑experimental study with pre‑test post‑test with control group design was used. Seventy‑seven participants were selected using convenience sampling in Belitung, Indonesia. A digital sphygmomanometer was used to measure blood pressure. Paired t‑test and independent t‑test were used for data analysis. Knowledge of hypertension, diet, exercise, and medication records were measured via validated questionnaires and observation sheets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant effect of the eight‑week self‑management program on systolic blood pressure (<em>t</em>30 <em>= </em>6.45, <em>p = </em>0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (<em>t</em>30 <em>= </em>2.53, <em>p = </em>0.02). A significant difference in blood pressure was also identified between the experiment and control group, particularly in systolic blood pressure (t59 = –2.89, <em>p = </em>0.05) with a large effect size (0.71).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Brisk walking with a duration of at least 30 minutes per day, dietary modification program specifically focusing on weight loss and anti‑hypertensive food, monitoring program, and health education for eight weeks, are considered effective to control blood pressure among patients with hypertension, and these interventions should be a part of nursing interventions and sustainable health development programs in the community.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/1894http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/1894/70707466Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906627320220524Investigating the Prevalence of Contact Dermatitis and its Related Factors Among Hospital Staff During the Outbreak of the COVID 19 Epidemic: A Cross Sectional Study236242ENDepartment of Nursing, Aligoodarz School of Nursing, Lorestan University of Medical Science, KhorramabadDepartment of Nursing, Aligoodarz School of Nursing, Lorestan University of Medical Science, Khorramabad,Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, KhorramabadDepartment of Nursing, Emam Jaafar Sadegh Hospital, Lorestan University of Medical Science, KhorramabadDepartment of Nursing, Lorestan University of Medical Science, Khorramabad, IranDepartment of Nursing, Lorestan University of Medical Science, Khorramabad, Iran2022052420220524<p><strong>Background: </strong>Frequent hand washing and prolonged mask use during the Coronavirus disease (COVID‑19) pandemic may cause contact dermatitis in hospital staffs. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of contact dermatitis and its related factors among hospital staff during the COVID‑19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>The present cross‑sectional study was conducted among the hospital personnel of Aligoudarz Shahid Valian Hospital, Lorestan, Iran, from March to June 2020. Sampling was performed using the complete enumeration method and 142 hospital staff (physicians, nurses, service personnel, nurses’ aides, secretaries, and laboratory and radiology experts) participated in the study. Data were collected using a 3‑part questionnaire containing a demographic characteristics form, job information form, and the Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire (NOSQ). The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi‑square, and Spearman’s correlation coefficient in SPSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of hand dermatitis in participants was 88.02%, and facial dermatitis with the surgical mask was 71.83% and with n95 mask was 81.69%. The most‑reported symptom was dryness of the hand. The most common symptom observed after prolonged use of surgical (55 Samples; 38.73%) and n95 masks (79 Samples; 55.63%) was redness. The frequency of hand washing (F = 8; <em>p </em>= 0.017) and the use of liquid soap (F = 4; <em>p </em>= 0.047) had a significant interrelation with the severity of dermatitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Planning for preventive actions and management of the current situation should be a priority among the policies of hospital managers given the high prevalence of hand and face dermatitis among hospital staff.</p>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/1895http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/1895/70707467Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906627320220523The Story of Female Sex Workers in The Shadow of Sex Work Coercion: A Qualitative Study 243249ENReproductive Sciences and Sexual Health Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanCultural Administration Department, Education and Psychology Faculty, Islamic Azad University Khorasgan Branch, IsfahanStudent of Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran2022052420220524<p><strong>Background: </strong>What has been less considered in the literature of the sex work research, especially in Iran, is to look at the causes of sex work from the perspective of women. The present study sought to understand the causes of the problem and the experience of female sex workers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study was conducted by using qualitative method. Twenty‑eight sex workers participated in the study voluntarily and with informed consent. The researcher conducted deep semistructured interviews. Purposive sampling continued until data saturation was reached. Conventional content analysis of the transcribed interviews and field notes were performed to identify key themes, first by each of researchers separately and then in joint discussions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The main theme of the study, according to the participants, was the sense of “what pushed me into sex worker” which included the five main categories of “despair, psychic restlessness, getting drunk by alcohol and drug, incomplete families, not to be left behind by the sudden social changes.”</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Social and health consequences, especially reproductive health of female sex, workers are affected by several factors. However, to deal with this social and health problems, specific attention should be paid to social factors affecting health. Accordingly, each of the influential variables known in this study could be a target for the country’s intervention programs, especially in public health centers and even charities related to the healthcare counseling of sex workers.</p><p><strong> </strong><em></em></p>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/1896http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/1896/70707468Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906627320220801Comparison of the effects of Date Syrup with Saffron-Honey Syrup on the Progress of Labor in Nulliparous Women: A Single Blind Randomized Clinical Trial301307ENStudent Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, IranDepartment of Nursing, Division of Professional Studies Nursing, San Diego University USA,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran,Department of Midwifery, Clinical Care Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran20220803<p><strong>Background: </strong>Assessing the progress of labor is a primary step in intrapartum care. This study was performed to assess comparison of the effects of date syrup with saffron–honey syrup on the progress of labor in nulliparous women.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>A randomized single‑blind clinical trial study was conducted on 189 women who were referred to Bea’sat Hospital of Sanandaj from October 2019 to March 2020. Patients were randomly divided into three groups saffron–honey syrup, date syrup, and placebo syrup each including 63 cases. Each participant in the intervention and control groups received a maximum volume of 150 ml of saffron–honey syrup, date syrup, or placebo syrup. The syrups were given at the 4 cm dilation, and every 30–60 min until the end of the active phase of the first stage of labor. Data collection tools included a two‑part questionnaire and a partograph form. The results were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 24 using Chi‑squared test, analysis of variance, and last significant difference as a post hoc test, the significance level was set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The duration of the active phases of the first (<em>F</em>2 = 92.70, <em>p </em>< 0.01), second (<em>F</em>2 = 66.76, <em>p </em>< 0.01), and third (<em>F</em>2 = 12.34, <em>p </em>< 0.01) stages of labor was shorter in the date syrup and saffron–honey syrup groups than in the control group (<em>p </em>< 0.01). Additionally, both experimental groups exhibited no significant difference in terms of duration between the first (<em>p </em>= 0.312), second (<em>p </em>= 0.724), and third (<em>p </em>= 0.911) stages of labor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Date syrup and saffron–honey syrup can be used as one of the safe and available herbal methods to facilitate labor.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em></em></p>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/1905Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906627320220523Lactation and COVID 19 Infection18971897ENDepartment of Community Health Nursing, University College of Nursing, Faridkot, PunjabDepartment of Nursing, Railway Health Services, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India2022052420220524<p>Dear Editor, Breast milk is the most appropriate nutrition for the infant. Breast milk is enriched with anti‑infection and anti‑inflammation components, makes more vital in alleviating contagious circumstances. Feeding the neonate with the breast milk provides primary protection versus infectious conditions and develops a physical and mental relationship between neonate and her/his mother .......................</p>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/1897http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/1897/70707469