Stress and anxiety in pregnancy

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906610220100208Stress and anxiety in pregnancy181181Ms of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Pediatric Nursing20101113  Introduction: Pregnancy causes psychosocial changes and every one shows a different reaction. Generally, pregnancy is a high stressful period and pregnant women are very sensitive in this period. This study aimed to define the rate of stress and anxiety in pregnancy in women referred to Isfahan hospitals. Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. Samples were 301 women that had delivered in the past 24 hours. Data collection was done by a reliable questionnaire that measured stress of life events (Holms and Rahe checklist) as well as a pregnancy related anxiety questionnaire and hospital documents. Data were analyzed with SPSS software. Results: The findings showed that 19.27% of samples were in middle stress group and 25.58% were in high stress group. Also, 12.29% were in middle anxiety group and 87.21 %were in low anxiety group. Conclusion: On the basis of the results, educating pregnant women, their families and health managers on stress copping methods, positive and negative emotions in pregnancy and how to react with these emotions are highly suggested.http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/181

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906610220100208The relation of socioeconomic factors and sexual dysfunctions in menopausal women182182Ms of Midwifery Education, Midwifery dept, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, IsfahanMs of Midwifery Education, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, IsfahanPsychiatriy(Child and Adolescent), Psychiatry ward- Alzahra Hospital- Isfahan- Iran, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20101113  Introduction: Although people in different age groups are involved in problems caused by socioeconomic conditions but it is more prominent at the sensitive age of menopause. The reason is that during this period, people experience lack of social status while they have more responsibilities. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of socioeconomic factors on sexual dysfunctions. Methods: This was an analytic descriptive study. The data were collected by cross-sectional method. In this study, 174 married menopausal women referred to health centers were selected. The data were collected by questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods, Mantel Haenszel and chi-square tests, were used to analyze the data. Results: The findings showed that variables such as socioeconomic status, education, job and husband's education are associated with sexual dysfunctional in menopausal period but husband's job had no association with sexual dysfunctional in menopausal period. Conclusion: Given the results, high education can bring about a better job, high income and promote social condition. As a result, suitable socioeconomic condition is the important factor in preventing sexual dysfunctions.http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/182

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906610220100208Attitudes of nurses in respecting patient's rights in different wards of Hamedan University of Medical Sciences18318320101113  Introduction: Human rights are the most important ethical rights that should be equally considered for every human being. The individual's rights are defined on the basis of the needs. Managers of medical health centers are responsible for patient's rights protection. Respecting the individual's rights is another responsibility of nurses in addition to their basic and principle responsibilities to provide the patients with proper health care service. Knowing and applying the patients' rights by the nurses, increases patient's trust and satisfaction. The purpose of this research was to determine the nurses' attitudes towards respecting patient's rights in acceptance or avoidance of a treatment, confidentiality of personal information and their rights in patient humanitarian researches. Methods: This research was a descriptive study. The research areas were the medical science university hospitals. Sampling was achieved randomly. The data gathering tool was a two-section questionnaire. In the first section, demographic characteristics were asked from research units and in the second section, 21 close questions on patient's rights were asked. The statistical method used included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations coefficients and chi-square test. Results: Most of research units were clinical nurses, 21-25 year-old with BS degree who had 5-9 years of work experience. The nurses' attitudes towards patient's right of being respected was 58%, patient's right of accepting or avoiding a treatment was 57.7%, confidentiality of patient's personal information was 64.3% and respecting patient's right in humanitarian researches was 60.7%. Statistical reviews between the work experiences of research units and their attitudes on respecting patient's rights showed a significant association. Conclusion: Given the findings, increasing patient's trust and satisfaction can come true through promotion of nursing care quality and respecting patient's rights.http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/183

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906610220100208The effects of sensory stimulations on sleep deprivation symptoms in patients with heart diseases184184Ms of Nursing, Medical Surgical Education, Instructor of Rehabilition in Heart patient, Department of Medical - Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, IsfahanInstructor of Medical – Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, IsfahanAssistant Professor of Surgery, Isfahan-Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20101113  Introduction: Sleep is one of the human's basic needs. Sleep deprivation has several side effects on human's mind and body. Given the importance of sleep for patients hospitalized in coronary care units, meeting this basic need is necessary. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of sensory stimulations on sleep deprivation symptoms in patients hospitalized in coronary care units of selected hospital in Isfahan University of Medical Science. Methods: In a quasi experimental research, 90 patients were selected by convenient sampling method. They were divided into 3 groups of 30 patients and received either oath back massage, sound replacement or no intervention. A questionnaire was used to gather data. All three groups were interviewed at the beginning of the research and the questionnaire was completed in admission. In the massage group, massage was administrated for two days, each day for two times. In sound replacement group, cassette tape was listened two times a day for two days. The questionnaire was completed once more at the end of the first 48 hours of admission. The research data were analyzed by inferential and descriptive statistical methods through SPSS software. Results: The research findings showed a significant statistical difference in the mean scores of anxiety and fatigue after 48 hours among the three groups. Also, there was a significant difference between the mean score of anxiety at the time of admission and the mean score of anxiety after 48 hours. Conclusion: Performing back massage and sound replacement for the patients hospitalized in coronary care units are effective methods to reduce anxiety and fatigue in patients.http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/184

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906610220100208Investigation of some occupational stressors among nurses185185Instructor of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, IsfahanInstructor of Psychiatric Nursing, Psychiatric Nursing Dept, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesMs of Nursing, Instructor of Fundamental Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20101113  Introduction: Nowadays, occupational stress is one of the most important occupational risk factors that can cause a decrease in production and bring about work absence, human resources shift, job dissatisfaction and high health costs among the staffs. American National Occupational Safety Association ranked nursing first among other 40 stressful occupations. There are numerous occupational stressors in nursing occupation. The present study aimed to define the severity of nursing stressors among nurses. Methods: This was a descriptive analytic study. The sampling was conducted by random stratified method on 170 nurses working in different wards of medical university hospitals. Toft-Anderson questionnaire was used to collect the data. The data were analyzed through SPSS software. Frequency distribution, mean and spearman coefficient tests were applied in data analysis. Results: The findings showed that most of the nurses (73-47%) experience moderate stress. In addition, there was a positive statistical association between the score of each item and total occupational stress. The item of having interaction with physicians had the highest association with total nursing occupational stress. There was a significant association between demographic characteristics, marital status and working hours with occupational stressors (P<0.001). Conclusion: Given the findings of the research, application of appropriate preventive methods is suggested to diminish nursing occupational stress.http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/185

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906610220100208The norm of two anthropometric indices in women in Isfahan186186Instructor of Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, Nursing & Midwifery School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jerib St., IsfahPhD of Nutrition, Assistant Professor of Nutrition-Biochemistry, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jerib St., Isfahan20101113  Introduction: Two simple anthropometric indices for estimating body fat distribution are waist circumference (WC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR). Especially in recent years, these indices are preferred to other ones, because they are cheap to evaluate, easy to use at home or health centers, simple to calculate and highly accurate. The present research was conducted to determine the norm of WC and WHR indices in women of reproductive ages in Isfahan. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The samples were 740 people in Isfahan. They were selected by cluster random sampling and invited to 10 health centers. In this research, the evaluation instruments were questionnaire and standard meter tape. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS software and descriptive statistical methods. Results: Results indicated that the mean, median and standard deviation of WC in women of 19 to 53 year-old were 84.62, 84 and 10.32 cm, respectively. The minimum and maximum of WC were 60 and 126 cm, respectively. Also the mean, median and standard deviation of WHR were 0.82, 0.82 and 5.91, respectively. The minimum and maximum of WHR were 0.63 and 0.99, respectively. Therefore, the median of women WC index in Isfahan is 84 cm and the median of their WHR is 0.82. Conclusion: Comparing the norm of WC and WHR indices in women in Isfahan with the norms of these indices in women of other countries, shows genetic, racial, geographical and environmental (physical activities and diet) differences. Women are encouraged to take exercises and improve their diets.http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/186

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906610220100208Parental attitude of female students on child-parent behavior in Flavarjan187187Instructor of Nursing Health, Health Department, Faculty of Nursing, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, IsfahanPost Doc of Nursing, Associate Professor Education, Medical University of Isfahan, Hezarjereeb Avenue, Isfahan20101113  Introduction: Growth and development of children is the most difficult duty of parents. Most people, however, are not ready to act as parents. Methods: This study was a descriptive study. Adult-adolescent parenting inventory with 32 questions was used for data collection. Sampling was based on stratified random sampling. Sample included 400 subjects. Results: The analyzed data showed that 116 subjects (31%) had scores of 0-64 showing negative attitude, 192 subjects (52%) had scores of 97-160 showing a positive attitude and 63 subjects (17%) had scores of 65-96 showing a neutral attitude. The attitude of not using punishment was negative in 20%, positive in 69% and neutral in 11%. About empathy, it was  negative in 40%, positive in 41 % and neutral in 22%. Conclusion: Some parents were not aware of parenting skills and the factors affecting emotional growth. The prevention plan should include programs to increase parents' or future parents' knowledge and to improve their knowledge on children's growth and development. http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/187

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906610220100208Effects of music on blood pressure of patients in endoscopy unit18818820101113  Introduction: Today, endoscopy is very a efficient but invasive gastrointestinal diagnostic method that can be frightening and painful. Common physiologic reaction to this method is anxiety resulting in an increase in blood pressure. Previous studies have indicated that patients may benefit from music, which reduces pain and anxiety. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of music on patients' anxiety by checking their blood pressure. Statistical analysis using ANOVA and t-test were used to compare differences in SPSS soft ware. Methods: This study was an experimental clinical trial carried out in Bouali Hospital in Ardabil in 2004. Subjects were eligible for the study if they were going to do endoscopic or colonoscopic examinations for the first time, they were 30-60 year-old and did not have any cardiac diseases or hypertension. They were randomly assigned into two groups. One group listened to music and the other one did not. Results: Study results indicated that patients who listened to music had lower systolic and diastolic blood pressures and higher oxygen saturation than the control group but the differences were not statistically significant. The findings also showed that patients who had colonoscopy had higher blood pressures compared to the patients who had endoscopy. Conclusion: Slow music had a positive effect on blood pressure decrease, oxygen saturation increase, patients' tolerance of procedure, cooperation and reduction of procedure time in the experimental group.http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/188