A survey of library studying problems of students

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-90668320100208A survey of library studying problems of students193193nstructor, Group of Medical – Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, IsfahanInstructor, Group of Medical – Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, IsfahanMs of Biostatistics, School of Public Health , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20101113Introduction: Library and reading books are subjects that were evaluated by different cultural groups. Of the most important scientific-cultural organizations in every society are universities. Library is a conductive place for studying, understanding and giving information to the students. Knowing the problems in libraries and fulfillment of users expectations regarding various services available in libraries can enhance the efficiency and clients satisfaction. Methods: This was a descriptive-analytic study. The data were collected by valid questionnaires prepared by researchers and included four sections investigating 50 different fields. The questionnaires were randomly distributed among 417 students from seven different schools of Isfahan University of Medical Science. The data were analyzed by SPSS. Results: The results showed that the most important problems are problems of physical environments and library services such as Medline, journal subscription and internet access. Problems of physical environments included problems in noise, floor, light and color of library environments. There was a significant difference between library services such as being waited and time limitations (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in access to extra facilities between libraries of different schools. Conclusion: It seems that constructions of library buildings in different schools do not follow an identical plan causing different physical problems. Regarding the different manner of services in different libraries, different degrees and working experience of library staff can cause such differences. Regarding the different access to computer services in different libraries, students' individual eagerness plays a major role. Key Words: Students, Library, Reading Bookshttp://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/193

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-90668320100208A comparative study on growth indicators of children born with low birth weight and normal birth weight in 2 years after birth194194Instructor of Fundamental, Midwifery Group, Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, IsfahanMs of NursingAssistant Professor of Pediatric Nursing, Group of Pediatric, Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20101113Introduction: Low birth weight (LBW, birth weight <2500 g) is a significant health problem of children. Many studies have made it apparent that there is a direct relationship between low birth weight and infant mortality. One of the most important measurements to prevent children morbidity is growth monitoring. The present study was set up to compare the growth indices of 2 year-old children born with low weight with those in children weighting 2500 g and more at birth (normal birth weight, NBW). Methods: This research was a retrospective cohort study and the samples included 218 two year-old infants (109 LBW infants, 109 NBW infants). Selection criteria for the LBW and NBW infants included birth weight <2500 g and 2500-4000 g, respectively. Absence of congenital anomalies and born from singleton pregnancies were other inclusion criteria for all infants. Data were collected in questionnaires. The recorded measurements of weight, height and head circumference, 2 years after birth were extracted from their health files. Statistical analysis was carried out through t-test and chi-square test. Results: Our findings revealed that two-year-old LBW children had a statistically significant lower body weight, shorter height, smaller head circumferences and lower weight-for-age, height-for-age and weight-for-height indices than two-year-old NBW children. Moreover, the weight percentile of two-year-old LBW children was lower than that in two-year-old NBW group. Conclusion: The data suggest that low birth weight adversely affects child's growth in early life. Therefore, LBW infants require special attention on growth follow up and monitoring after birth. Key words: Children Growth, Growth Percentile, Low Birth Weight.http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/194

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-90668320100208The effect of education on the knowledge of the mothers in preventing rheumatic fever195195Instructor of Nursing Health, Group of Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20101113Introduction: Providing physical and mental health is the most important role of human beings. One of the major goals in health science is to prevent diseases and to promote public health. Since children are future treasures of a nation, prevention of rheumatic fever is essential. One-third of patients with rheumatic fever develop cardiovascular valve disorders. If a child develops such disorder, he/she will be disable for all his life imposing high costs on the society. So, this research was carried out to investigate the effects of mothers' education on their knowledge in rheumatic fever prevention. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study on 45 mothers referred to Isfahan clinics. The data were collected by primary and secondary tests. Descriptive inferential (paired t-test) statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: The findings showed that mothers' knowledge is significantly associated with parameters such as age, education, disease history, marriage, age, family income and the source of knowledge (P<0.001). There was a significant effect of education on mothers' knowledge in preventing rheumatic fever (P<0.001). Conclusion: Since mothers' knowledge plays a major role in children's disease prevention, education can be an effective way to decrease disease prevalence and to promote public health. Key words: Education, Prevention, Rheumatic Fever.http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/195

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-90668320100208Stress management methods in boys196196Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Group of Psychiatry School of Medical, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, IsfahanDegree MedicalSystem Group, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, Isfahan,20101113Introduction: Teenage period is a stressful time due to its coincidence with puberty. Since teenagers have their own stress, recognizing these stresses is very crucial in stress management. Negative stress management methods may result in unexpected consequences such as violence. Knowing stress management methods can help us teach the teenagers, the appropriate methods of stress control. This study tried to investigate stress control methods among students. Methods: This was a descriptive study in which stress management checklists (SMC) were used. These questionnaires included 26 parts, each investigating .a specific stress management mechanism. A total of 3870 male students were selected by cluster sampling method from 5 vocational schools in Isfahan from which 400 were finally selected as study samples. SMC questionnaires were filled out and the results were statistically analyzed by SPSS. Results: Among the positive stress management methods, "I think how to control the situation" had the highest frequency distribution by 93% and among the negative methods, over-sleeping had the highest frequency distribution of 91% and "I take drugs or drink alcohol" had the lowest frequency distribution (4%). Conclusion: Although using positive methods is in a satisfactory degree, it is not perfect in teenagers in vocational schools in Isfahan. They use negative methods more than expected. Teenagers should be encouraged to apply positive methods and warned against the bad consequences of negative methods through continuous educational programs, specially designed for them. Key Words: Stress, Adolescent, Stress Management. Psychiatryhttp://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/196

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-90668320100208The relation between women abuse and pregnancy outcome in Khoram Abad197197Instructor, Group of Midfiwery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, IsfahanMs of MidwiferyMs of Nursing, Group Operating Room, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, IsfahanAssistant Professor, Group of Obstetrics and Genecology, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20101113Introduction: Violence in the family and women abuse is one of the most important problems in the world, which affects development and health programs and threatens the main objective of mother and baby health. Abuse may affect pregnancy outcome directly or indirectly and increases the complications of pregnancy and delivery. This study was performed to identify the relation between women abuse and pregnancy outcome. Methods: This was a descriptive-analytic study carried out as a historical cohort study. The pregnancy outcomes in 313 pregnant women (suffering and non-suffering from abuse) were studied. The methods used to gather information were interview and observation and the tools were standard questionnaires for screening abuse and observation sheets. Results: The results showed that pregnant women abuse had correlation with mean weight gain during pregnancy (p=0.01), mean frequency of the prenatal care (p=0.007), difficult delivery (dystocia, p=0.01), premature rupture of membrane (0.006), mean birth weight (p=0.02) and mean birth age. Conclusion: Pregnant women abuse may cause complications in mothers and newborns. In prenatal care, considering screening program is necessary in order to end the abuse cycle and relieve the pregnant women from this stress. Key Words: Pregnancy Outcome, Women Abusehttp://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/197

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-90668320100208The relation between CPR complications and various setups of CPR teams198198Instructor, Group of Nursing, Nagafabad Islamic Azad UniversityInstructor,Group of Medical – Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, IsfahanPhD, Group of Pediatric, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, Isfahan,Instructor of Operating Room, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences20101113Introduction: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is one of the most important medical emergencies administered in various hospitals by CPR teams. CPR also has complications similar to other various medical emergencies. The goal of this study was to compare early CPR complications in various CPR teams (centric vs. non-centric). Methods: This research was a cohort prospective study carried out on 120 patients in two hospitals (Al-Zahra whit centric team vs. Noor with non-centric team). Sampling method was random and included 2 groups of patients. Checklists were used to gather the data through observations and paraclinical examinations. SPSS software was used for data analysis. Results: The findings showed the most common early complications of CPR as follows: coma (55.8%), dysrhythmia (32.5%) and rib fracture (16.7%). Also, there was a significant relationship between early complications and CPR team (P<0.05). Conclusion: The findings showed less frequent complications in patients for whom centric CPR teams were applied. Then, it is very important for managers of medical centers to set up standard and organized centric CPR teams in medical centers. Key words: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Adverse Effects, CPR Teamhttp://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/198

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-90668320100208A survey on processing measurements and structural standard compliance in emergency wards199199Instructor of Nursing Health, Group of Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, IsfahanInstructor Group of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, IsfahanInstructor of Group Operating Room, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20101113Introduction: Nowadays, not only nurses need to have knowledge and skills, but they must be able to judge in clinical high risk conditions, to take a decision to maintain patients' lives, to solve complex problems and to think critically. Nurses who work in emergency wards need to have enough knowledge for diagnosis and classifying emergencies, gather data correctly, provide necessary patient education and anticipate in care needs for problem solving. But, lack of planning on no anticipated conditions, inappropriate control of care givers, equipment insufficiency, inappropriate physical environment and ultimately lack of compliance of processing and structural standards, result in decreasing their correct functions and endanger patients lives leading to death. Unfortunately, what are often seen in treatment centers, are services made far from professional standards that have direct effects on community health. Therefore, we decided to examine measurements of processing and structural standard compliance in a sample center (Emergency ward in Kashani Hospital) and to demonstrate the alternatives. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive analytic survey carried out In Isfahan Kashani Hospital. The main goal of research was examination and measurement of structural standard compliance (physical environment, equipments and personnel) and processing manner of patients care. First, an observational checklist was made to evaluate physical environment, equipments, personnel and nursing care instruments in emergency ward. Then, necessary information via these tools was gathered from emergency wards and their staff (nurses and auxiliary nurses). Collected data were examined through descriptive statistics. Results: The findings of this research indicated a desirable condition in 48.5% of physical environment and equipments and in 74% of personnel. Also, 86% of personnel had average competency. Conclusion: The findings showed that the inappropriate physical environment, insufficient equipments, inappropriate distribution of personnel and useless accountancy/control tools are the most important problems in this ward. Key words: Processes Standard, Structure Standard, Nursing Care Standardhttp://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/199

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-90668320100208Knowledge and practice among health professionals concerning emergency contraception200200Ms of Nursing, Group of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, IsfahanMs of Nursing, Group of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, Isfahan20101113Introduction: Emergency contraception prevents pregnancy after unprotected sexual intercourse. It can be administered after the known failure of existing methods such as broken sheaths and expelled intrauterine contraceptive devices or following intercourse without using any contraceptive method. Emergency contraceptive pill has been available in the UK since 1974. However, knowledge and practice of this method of preventing pregnancy seems less widespread than expected and it does not appear to have any impact on the rate of induced abortion, which has increased over the last 15 years. This suggests that the unplanned and unwanted pregnancies carry a higher risk of morbidity and mortality among mothers and children often due to unsafe abortion. The risk of pregnancy with one unprotected act of intercourse can be as high as 25%, depending on the cycle and the day of exposure in relation to ovulation. Methods: This study was a national cross-sectional study carried out on 154 employees at health centers. Questionnaires on knowledge were given to all practitioners, family planning midwives and family health members in the health centers in Isfahan University of Medical Science in 1999-2000. All personnel were involved in this research. Medical, menstrual and pregnancy histories, the date of end of using contraceptive method, the date of unprotected intercourse, possible side effects of emergency contraceptive pills, time of menstruation after using emergency contraceptive pills and the date of follow up were observed by the researchers. Findings were analyzed using the SPSS statistical package. Results: Findings showed that 38.1% of health professionals were at excellent level of knowledge, 29.9% were average, 20% good, 9.7% weak and 8.4% very weak. The survey of emergency contraceptive pills showed that basic awareness on this method was high, although specific knowledge on appropriate use such as the time limit for use, the level of effectiveness and the possible side effects was absent. About 38% of health professionals had poor score practice. Conclusion: Lack of information causes inappropriate practice resulting in unwanted pregnancy that can induce higher morbidity and mortality in mothers and children. Key Words: Knowledge, Practice, Post-coital Contraception, Emergency Contraceptive Pillhttp://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/200