Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020111105599599EN20111105Click to download the index of this issue.http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/599http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/599/409

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110312308308ENMSc, Instructor, Department of Midwifery, Faculty Member, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.MSc, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.PhD, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110210<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Approximately 15 percent of all the couples are involuntarily childless in reproductive ages. The ability to reproduce and give birth to a child is an important part of the human beings life; thus, infertility can cause anxiety for the infertile people. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate men&rsquo;s experiences from male infertility.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> This was a descriptive phenomenological study. The data were collected using in-depth interview of ten infertile men. The interviews were taped and then transcribed on the paper for analyzing through seven-step Colaizzi method. Considering that in qualitative studies, study population is not considered, therefore there was no limitation in location for collecting the data and the participants selected from the infertile men of the society.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> Four main concepts were obtained in association with infertility phenomenon: individual stress, challenges in communication, problems associated with treatment process and the effects of beliefs and religious attitude.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> According to the results of this study, it seems that all the different life aspects of infertile were affected by infertility. Thus, designing and conducting conductive and supportive programs plays an important role for providing better care for infertile men.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Lived experience, infertility, men.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/308http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/308/261

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319338338ENMSc, Instructor, Department of Fundamental Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc Student, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Medical Students Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.PhD, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Operating Room Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110214<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Error is an inevitable aspect of all the professions particularly health and treatment-related jobs and it should be acknowledged that committing it cannot absolutely be preventable. Among the causes that necessitate the evaluation of nursing errors, it should be noted that errors not only lead to damage and mortality for the patients, but also they are one of the obvious and costly problems in the hospitals. It is believed that nurses have the focal role in committing nursing errors.The main objective of this study was to identify nursing errors and the related factors.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> This was a descriptive-correlative study which was conducted in 2010. 239 nurses and head nurses who were working in the selected hospitals in Isfahan were selected randomly and participated in this research. In order to collect the data, two questionnaires were used, each one consisting of three sections of the demographic data, questions about the type of error and the effective factors for making the errors.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> The highest rate of error was reported about the lack of compiling and reviewing the medical history of the patient (31.75%) and also disregarding the appropriate time for prescription of the medicine (31.75%). Besides, the nurses and head nurses believed in more than one factor for committing the errors and mentioned the managerial factors (84.2%) and patient-related factors (50.5%) as the most important and the least important causes for the commitment of errors respectively. Moreover, there was a direct relationship between gender, ward, and having an extra job with the score of the nursing errors.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> Attempts for reducing and controlling the nursing errors can rely on the usage of systemic approaches for assessing the effective factors, removing these factors as much as possible, and designing a system for increasing the level of reporting these errors for identifying the weak points and jeopardizing factors.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Nursing errors, related causes.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/338http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/338/299

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319339339ENMSc, Instructor, Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc Student, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.PhD, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfa-han, Iran.MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Saint Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran.20110214<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Asthma is the most common disease in childhood which is considered as the forerunner of the acute diseases and simply can cause disability among the children. Since childhood and adolescence are the most important periods of growth and perfection and incidence of asthma can bring about distortion in this process, the present study done aimed to assess the effect of conducting high school training program on peers&rsquo; performance with asthma.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> This was a quasi-experimental study in which the performance rate of the students at the time of artificial attack of asthma was directly observed, assessed and compared through demographic data questionnaire and performance assessment check list. Eighty individuals from the second grade of high school students in 2010 in Isfahan City were randomly selected to participate in the present study, among which, 40 individuals were entered in the test group and 40 of them also were placed in the control group. After conducting the training program for the test group, which had been designed both by direct method (in person and face to face by asking and answering and group discussion) and by indirect method (using pamphlet and other educational materials), the level of the training effectiveness was assessed on the students' performance.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> The findings of the present study indicated that the performance of students at the test group increased from 2.2 (0.6) to 91.8 (1.3) which emphasized that the training program for the young adolescent peers had a positive effect on promoting their health.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> Considering the results of the present study and regarding to the importance and role of students as the future makers of the country, and also the cost-effectiveness of the training programs and the positive effect of peers on increasing the level of health among the students with asthma and consequently decreasing the school absence, it obviously seems necessary to generalize and expand these training programs.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Performance, asthma, training program, peers.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/339http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/339/300

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319329329ENMSc, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran .MSc Student, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranMSc, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, School of Educational Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran .20110214<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Domestic violence (DV) is a serious problem all over the world which had been extended to boundaries of countries, economical, cultural and racial classes. 10-69 percent of women are exposed to physical, sexual and emotional violence which has numerous physical and emotional consequences. Therefore, males' attitude towards women is one of the strongest predicting factors of violence against women, so one of the ways to remove the violence against women is to change the men's attitude. Changing the attitude, in the basic stages of the marriage for couples who are not yet involved with marital misunderstandings, will probably influence their future relationships, therefore, the present study reviewed two attitude changing methods of educational package (EP) and social inoculation (SI) which were used to change the attitude among male volunteers participating in the premarital counseling classes.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> This was a semi-experimental study aimed to determine the influence of two methods of supplying EP and SI on the change of attitude toward DV against women. The study subjects included male volunteers participating in Isfahan Molla Hadi Sabzevari Premarital Counseling Center, where the attitudes of 183 subjects were investigated primarily using simple sampling method. Ninety-nine subjects who had positive attitude toward DV were selected and then, randomly distributed into three 33-subject groups. The first was SI group, the second was EP supply group and the third was the control group. Data collection tool was an evaluating questionnaire of the attitude toward DV against women which consisted of two parts, demographic data and 34 attitude evaluating questions. Scientific validity was determined by content validity method and scientific reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha. Analyzing the data was done using descriptive (frequency and mean), analytical statistical methods (paired-t, independent t-tests, ANOVA, Duncan, Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square) and SPSS software.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> Among 183 participants, 99 of them (54%) had a positive attitude with an average score of 46.5 and 84 of them (45%) with an average score of 29 had a negative attitude toward violence against women. Before the intervention, the highest violence attitude was in emotional, physical and sexual areas, respectively. After the intervention in the inoculation group, the highest attitude changes were in physical, sexual and emotional areas, respectively and in the EP group, in total the attitude changes score after the intervention was significant compared to prior to it, although changes were observed only in physical and sexual areas. In SI group, more attitude changes were occurred than that in EP group. In control group, the attitude score after the intervention had no significant change compared to it before.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong><strong>:</strong> Although attitude change has no guaranty for changing the behavior, in order to change the behavior, changing the attitude is required, in which for violence against women, it is better to be started at the beginning of the marital relationship. The SI method has been successfully applied in psychology Sciences and the health programs, but the EP method is not an effective method on its own to change the attitude, so it is better to be accompanied by other methods like group discussion, etc.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Domestic violence, attitude change, social inoculation, educational package, premarital counseling.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/329http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/329/279

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319374374ENMSc, Department of Health Nursing, Faculty Member of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.BS, Instructor of Group Operating Room, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan university of Medical Sciences, Isfahan , Iran.MSc, Department of Nursing Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110308<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Population growth is still a global concern. In spite of the decrease in population growth and conception rate, Iran and the world population will grow in coming years. Participation of men in contraception interventions to control population growth is of great importance.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> This is a quasi-experimental study, in which the authors provided group training of contraceptive methods to 53 women, and then evaluated the effect of training on the dependent variable of husbands&rsquo; participation in family planning. The data was gathered using a questionnaire and a checklist, and then was analyzed using SPSS software, by paired t-test.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> The results indicated that the mean score of knowledge level of the case group members and their husbands changed significantly after the training program (p &lt; 0.001). Also, it was found that 51% of the participants and their husbands used contraceptive methods after the training program.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong><strong>:</strong> Considering the results, providing group training for couples to increase the participation rate of men in family planning programs is recommended.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Group training, men&rsquo;s participation, family planning.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/374http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/374/290

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319331331ENPhD, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MA, Department of Islamic Education, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110214<ul><li><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Improving quality of life (QoL) has been an important consideration in patients with chronic diseases such as cancer particularly in last two decades. Praying is a valuable nursing care to improve cancer patients&rsquo; QoL. However, controversies still exist about the effect of different types of praying. This study was conducted to compare the impact of private and collective praying on cancer patients&rsquo; QoL.</li><li><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> A controlled clinical trial was conducted with 70 cancer patients who admitted to Seyyed al Shohada Hospital of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2010. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups of private and collective praying. QoL was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality Of Life Brief (WHOQoL-BREF) questionnaire.</li><li><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> In both private and collective praying methods, the QoL scores increased after the intervention. The mean difference of QoL score between two groups of private praying [0.16(0.32)] and collective praying [0.23(0.15)] was statistically significant (p = 0.04).</li><li><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong><strong>:</strong> Our findings suggest that praying might improve cancer patients&rsquo; QoL. In addition, collective praying might be more efficacious than private praying in improving cancer patients&rsquo; QoL. Further studies with a larger sample size are needed to confirm its effectiveness.</li><li><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Cancer, nursing care, quality of life, praying, spirituality.</li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/331http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/331/281

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319304304ENMSc, Department of Midwifery, Faculty Member, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc Student, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Medical Students Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.PhD, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110210<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Reflexology is one of the non-pharmacological pain relief methods, and since it is a non-invasive, inexpensive and applicable technique, it can be used by a skilled and trained midwife. This study aimed to review the effect of reflexology on the pain and outcomes of the labor.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> In this quasi-experimental study, 88 primiparous mothers referred to selected hospitals of Isfahan for vaginal delivery were selected using simple random sampling method and then randomized in two groups. Data collection tools were the demographic data questionnaire, profile and outcomes of the labor and the short-form of the McGill Questionnaire for <em>Pain</em> Rating Index (PRI) assessment. The intervention was general and specific reflexology in the active phase of labor. PRI was assessed before the intervention and four times after the intervention (3-5 cm, 6-8 cm and 9-10 cm dilatations and second stage of labor.<strong></strong></div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> There was no significant difference between groups before intervention. In the reflexology group, there was a significant difference between the PRI before and after the 4 stages intervention (p &lt; 0.001). PRI was different significantly between studied groups after intervention (p &lt; 0.001). The length of active phase of labor was different significantly between the two groups; but this difference was not significant during the second (p = 0.29), and the third <br />(p = 0.27) stages. The difference between the 1^st minute and the 5^th minute Apgar score (p &lt; 0.001) and rate of hemorrhage between the two groups were different significantly (p = 0.02).</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong><strong>:</strong> Reflexology can lead to decrease in the labor pain. Therefore, regarding to the safety of this technique, it can be replaced as an alternative for pharmacological methods.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Reflexology, labor pain, primiparous.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/304http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/304/294

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319379379ENMSc, Department of Operating Room, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Operating Room, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Operating Room, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Operating Room, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Operating Room, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.BS, Department of Operating Room, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Operating Room, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110308<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Education is based upon the knowledge, skills, and attitudes that are required for an occupation, and the changes occurring in the occupations and duties as well as in the ideals and values necessitate constant needs analysis. Furthermore, owing to the transformations in sciences, especially medical sciences, the current syllabus for the operation room courses at associate level will not meet the requirements for operation room personnel in future. Therefore, the syllabus for operation room B.S. was developed and proposed in a research project entitled &ldquo;Study of the international syllabus for the operation room courses and proposing an appropriate syllabus for the courses in Iran.&rdquo; Since the operation room courses at B.S. level are supposed to be introduced in Iranian universities, we intended to learn about the opinions of other people related to this subject in Iran.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> In this research, a questionnaire was used that contained the syllabus proposed for the operation room B.S. courses, which was the result of a research project entitled &ldquo;Study of the international syllabus for the operation room courses and proposing an appropriate syllabus for the courses in Iran.&rdquo; To develop this syllabus, 12 heads of the operation room departments in universities across Iran in which the subject matter was being taught at associate level were consulted.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> The study showed that 14 out of the 53 courses proposed in the syllabus had a desirability level of 100%, 22 courses were desirable at levels of 91-100%, 19 were 75-90% desirable, and no courses had a desirability level less than 75%. After carrying out some modifications to the syllabus, the problems were resolved and the opinions were again asked. When a consensus of greater than 70% was reached, the syllabus for the operation room courses at B.S. level was finalized and proposed. The regulations from the Development, Planning, and Evaluation Office of the Ministry of Health were also followed.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong><strong>:</strong> Although all the courses showed a desirability level of greater than 70%, receiving appropriate suggestions about some courses led the research team to carry out major or minor modifications to some of the courses.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Syllabus; surgery technologist; Delphi technique.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/379http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/379/298

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319395395ENMSc,Department of Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc Student, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Internal Surgery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Community Medicine, school of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110319<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Veterans are among the highly-susceptible and highly-esteemed groups of the society.<strong> </strong>there is no correct, principled, and comprehensive programming with respect to home-nursing care for them<strong>.</strong></div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> In this quasi-experimental study, 26 veterans with spinal cord complications, with a 70-percent damage who were resident of Najaf Abad, Iran were concluded. The data were gathered by a checklist consisted of two parts, the first part included the demographic data and the second part consisted of Para-clinical (clinical findings) assessment of the veterans suffering from urinary infection, laboratorial assessments, and assessing the bedsores. The researcher visited all the veterans and completed the checklist by interviewing them.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> The mean age of the veterans was 45 (5.1) years and the highest frequency (53.8%) belonged to the age range of 40-44 years. The mean number of the family members was 4.4 people.<strong> </strong>The veterans who had paraplegia damage included 88.6%. Considering the damage rate, the highest frequency (69.2%) belonged to thoracic vertebra level.<strong> </strong>all the 26 veterans had been suffering from urinal infection before the managerial intervention<strong>; </strong>however 20 subjects (76.9%) had urinal infection after the intervention.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong><strong>:</strong> It can be stated that pressure wounds are preventable and these caring measures can be offered to susceptible groups of the community in a better and cheaper way if more studies are done with a closer contact and a higher number of samples in addition to have unison among the community-based systems.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Veterans, spinal cord complications, community health nursing care.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/395http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/395/295

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110314305305ENMSc, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc Student, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Medical Students Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.PhD, Department of Psychology, School of Educational Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110210<ul><li><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Pregnant women predispose to physical and emotional diseases. Vitality and positive affect are against the depression and low energetic mood Exercise and physical activities in pregnancy have short and long term consequences for mothers and their growing fetus and affected in mood regulation. Respiratory and relaxation skills could decrease stress, pain and use of analgesics during labor.</li><li><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> In this study, 117 primigravida and multigravida women (59 women in case and 58 in control groups) were enrolled. Women in case group participated in delivery preparation classes since 20 weeks of pregnancy for 8 sessions. The control group was just received routine pregnancy care. The education was about pregnancy and delivery, physical exercises and relaxation skills. Questionnaires of vitality and positive affect toward the labor were completed three times: before intervention, after the 8^th session and after delivery to 2 weeks later by an interview. Data analyzed using SPSS¹⁶ software and repeated measurement.</li><li><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> There was a significant difference in vitality and positive affect regarding type of delivery before and after intervention and after delivery in case group(p &lt; 0.0001).There was no significant difference in vitality and positive affect scores after delivery and &nbsp;after intervention (p &lt; 0.083, p &lt; 0.545). There was significant difference in vitality and positive affect scores regarding between case and control groups after the intervention and after the delivery (p &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.0001).</li><li><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong><strong>:</strong> Considering the results of this study, it could be recommended that all pregnant women should contribute in delivery preparation classes to improve their mood, confidence, vitality toward labor.</li><li><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Labor preparation classes, vitality, positive effect, subjective wellbeing.</li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/305http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/305/260

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319332332ENMSc, Faculty Member, Department of Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc Student, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Medical Students Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Faculty Member, Department of Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Faculty Member, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110214<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Violence at work is considered as part of the occupational hazards which can affect medical staff and have undesirable effects on quality of patients care. Anger management training causes increases the ability of individuals to change behavior and also can increase the ability of the individual in controlling the excitation in the undesirable conditions. This study aimed to determine the effect of anger management training program by nursing staff on violence rate against them.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> This was a two-group, two-phase, semi-experimental study. Sixty six qualified nurses employed in emergency unit of Al-Zahra Hospital were divided into test and control groups. In this study, the modified questionnaire of World Health Organization was used with adequate validity and reliability to measure the violence rate and anger control. Thereafter, the test group received anger management training for four 60-minute sessions.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> The results of the study showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics except marital status. In addition, there was a significant difference between the two groups in frequency distribution of psychological violence against nurses after the intervention, but there was no significant difference between the two groups in frequency distribution of physical violence against nurses.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong><strong>:</strong> The results of this study corroborated the findings of the previous studies. Therefore, increase in self-control and communication skills and problem solving skills at the time of dealing with the patients and their relatives is a step in reducing one of the factors of violence at workplace.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Anger management, violence, nurses, emergency unit.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/332http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/332/287

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319375375ENMSc, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc Student, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Medical Students Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110308<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Vaginitis is the most prevalent gynecological problem for which women look for treatment and is responsible for 10 million physician visits annually. Use of herbal treatments has been recorded in many of patient groups as well as in general populations to increase health level. The present study was conducted with the purpose of determination and comparison of the effect of vaginal cream containing garlic and thyme compared to clotrimazole cream for the treatment of mycotic vaginitis.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> This clinical trial is a prospective, multivariate, single-blind, two-stage, two-group study with randomized assignment of samples into the two groups. From the clinics in Isfahan in 2010, 64 cases (32 individuals in each group) entered the study. Data collection was accomplished by demographic information questionnaire and clinical performance checklist, and data analysis was performed by SPSS 16.0 software.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> Abundance distributions of clinical symptoms (vaginal discharge; vulval erythema and edema), patients&rsquo; complaints (secretions, itching, dyspareunia, painful urination, and vaginal irritation) and clinical symptoms (existence of germinating hypha, acidity under 4.5, and culture of vaginal secretions) were different in each group prior to and after the intervention; these factors however were not different between the two groups before and after the intervention.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong><strong>:</strong> The vaginal cream containing garlic and thyme is effective as much as clotrimazole vaginal cream for the treatment of candida vaginitis and there is no difference between responses to treatment by these two drugs.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Mycotic vaginitis, clotrimazole, garlic, thyme.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/375http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/375/291

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110509377377ENMSc, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.BS of English Language, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110308<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Individuals have different understandings, beliefs, values and attitudes, and follow their own specific approach to express their feelings. The present research was aimed to study the experiences of the faculty members of nursing and midwifery department regarding communication in work environment.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> As the phenomenon to be studied in the current research is the human experiences, the study was accomplished in nursing and midwifery department of seven universities, including Isfahan, Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran, Mashhad, Shiraz, and Tabriz universities of medical sciences. The most common data collection technique in qualitative studies is the participants&rsquo; observations, interview, and their written texts. In the present study, Collaizzi&rsquo;s seven steps were applied<strong>.</strong></div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> . We interviewed 36 individuals, including 20 women and 16 men. The intra-organizational communications influence the physical and mental health as well as performance of staffs in their work environment.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> This study expressed in the themes formulated from statements of the units under study.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Experience, faculty members, communication, work environment.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/377http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/377/302

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319428428ENPsychiatrist, Behavioural Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, lran.Resident, Department of Psychiatry, Behavioural Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MD, Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Behavioural Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Behavioural Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.PhD, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110509<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Spinal injury can establish severe psychological outcomes for the patient and his/her family which requires high adjustment. Health system staff would be able to play their roles well in caring from these patients provided with knowing what steps spinal injured people should pass to handle their disability and also what assistance they need in what stages from what sources. This study aimed to explain the process of confrontation with disability in spinal cord injured.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> This was a qualitative study with grounded theory approach which was performed in Strauss &amp; Corbin proposed method on twenty people with spinal cord injury who had past at least three months from their spinal injury. Sampling was done in purposive and theoretical method, and analysis of the results was also performed during constant comparative process.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> Central concept in the data was <em>support</em> which was associated with other concepts and affected them. The patients, with the help of internal and external support could overcome their main problem that was disability feeling and dependency on others and find a new definition for the self, and ultimately achieve sense of independence and autonomy.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong><strong>:</strong> Knowing the process of confrontation with disability would help health system staff, which with better understanding spinal cord injured people, to actualize and support their potentials much better through strengthening internal resources and along with providing appropriate supportive services of each individual.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Spinal cord injuries, people with disabilities, qualitative research.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/428http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/428/303

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319327327ENMSc, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc Student, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Deputy of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110214<ul><li><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Family planning is a method of thinking and a life style which is chosen voluntarily and according to the attitudes and responsible determination of the couples in order to promote the hygiene and convenience of the family. This study aimed to identify and compare the attitudes of the users of common contraceptive methods with regard to each method separately.</li><li><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> The descriptive study was conducted in 2010. The study samples included 378 women using common contraceptive methods as LD pills, IUD (intrauterine devices), condom, withdrawal, tubectomy (females sterilization) and vasectomy as well as withdrawal method. The samples were selected through systemic random sampling from 9 health care centers. The data collection tool was a researcher-made. In order to determine the validity and reliability of the questionnaires, the content validity and Cronbach&rsquo;s alpha correlation coefficient methods were used. In order to analyze the data, the descriptive and inferential statistical methods (ANOVA) were used.</li><li><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> Mean score of attitude regarding different contraceptive methods in the group who were users of the same method was above the users of all the methods; however, total attitude score toward the contraceptive methods was approximately similar to each other in all the groups and there was no significant difference among the different groups.</li><li><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> The findings of this study showed that attitude is an important factor in choosing the contraceptive methods; therefore, this issue should to be taken into account by the family planning planners and consultants.</li><li><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Attitude, contraceptive methods, family planning.</li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/327http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/327/301

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319394394ENMSc, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc Student, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.Expert in Acupuncture and Complementary Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Surgery Room, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110319<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Dysmenorrhea or menstrual pain is one of the most common disorders experienced by 50% of women in their reproductive age. Adverse effects of medical treatments and its failure rate of 20-25% have caused many women to seek other complementary and alternative treatment methods for primary dysmenorrhea. Hence, this study aimed to compare and determine the efficacy of reflexology and Ibuprofen on reduction of pain intensity and duration of menstrual pain.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> This was a quasi-experimental clinical trial study on 68 students with primary dysmenorrhea living in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences' dormitories. Simple random sampling was done considering the inclusion criteria and then the students were randomly divided into two groups. In the reflexology group, the subjects received 10 reflexology sessions (40 minutes each) in two consecutive mense cycles. The Ibuprofen group received Ibuprofen (400 mg), once every eight hours for 3 days during 3 consecutive mense cycles. To assess the severity of dysmenorrhea, Standard McGill Pain Questionnaire, visual analog scale (VAS) and pain rating index (PRI) were used in this study.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> Findings of the study showed that the two groups had no statistically significant difference in terms of demographic characteristics (p &gt; 0.05). Reflexology method was associated with more reduction of intensity and duration of menstrual pain in comparison with Ibuprofen therapy. Independent and Paired t-test showed that there was a significant difference in the two groups between intensity and duration of menstrual pain using VAS and PRI in each of the 3 cycles between reflexology and Ibuprofen groups (p &lt; 0.05).</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong><strong>:</strong> Considering the results of the study, reflexology was superior to Ibuprofen on reducing dysmenorrhea and its treatment effect continued even after discontinuing the intervention in the third cycle. Therefore, considering that reflexology is a non-invasive, easy and cheap technique, it seems that it can replace anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to avoid their adverse side effects.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Primary dysmenorrhea, reflexology, ibuprofen, McGill pain questionnaire scale.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/394http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/394/289

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319328328ENMSc, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc Student, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Internal Surgery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MD, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110214<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Coronary artery diseases are one of the causes of early death all over the world. In developed countries, ischemic heart disease is responsible for the half of the entire mortalities; however in developing countries it is estimated from 9 million deaths per year annually 32 percent of all deaths due to coronary artery disease. Acute coronary syndromes are responsible for over 250,000 deaths per year caused by progressive atherosclerotic process which would lead to rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque and establishing thrombosis. This study aimed to determine time intervals between the onset of the heart attack symptoms to thrombolytic therapy in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in selected hospitals of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2008.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> In this study, 180 subjects with first time of STEMI were studied with categorized random sampling in cardiac care units of four hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences during 9 months. Necessary information collected by inquiry the patients and reviewing their records. The data included the demographic data of the patients, prehospital and in-hospital time intervals to thrombolytic therapy.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> The mean duration of time interval from the onset of heart attack symptoms to first action for seeking medical care was 01:16&rsquo; (01:36&rsquo;) hours, from the symptoms onset to admission in emergency unit was 02:29&rsquo; (02:00&rsquo;) and from admission in emergency to administration of thrombolytic drug was 01:04&rsquo; (01:14&rsquo;).</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong><strong>:</strong> Time interval between onset of the acute coronary symptoms to seek medical care and arrival to the emergency unit in this study had a better condition than other studies, but the interval between the emergency admission and thrombolytic therapy was longer than other studies.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Acute coronary syndrome, acute myocardial infarction, time intervals, thrombolytic therapy.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/328http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/328/286

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319336336ENMSc, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc Student, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Management and Medical Information, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110214<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Obesity and over weight is one of the causes of threatening children's present and future life. One of the factors that cause this problem is parents' attitude toward preschool children's nutritional patterns. Education can improve the parents&rsquo; attitude and prevents from this big issue. This study aimed to assess changes in mother's attitude and behavioral intention using intention model.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> This was a semi-experimental study with pre-test, post test design. Forty-five mothers with overweight preschool children attended this study. Sampling was based on cluster randomize sampling method. The researcher-made questionnaire which was used in this study was standardized through content validity and test, re-test.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> Comparing the pretest and posttest scores indicated a statistically significant difference in the attitude mean score. The findings of this study suggest that attitude and behavioral intention about nutritional patterns can be improved through parents&rsquo; education based on behavioral intention model such as attitude, subjective norm and behavioral intention.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong><strong>:</strong> In order to have healthy children, parents should improve their knowledge about how they promote their attitude towards children's nutritional pattern. Therefore, new model of education can optimize correct healthy behavior.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Behavioral intention model, overweight, education.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/336http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/336/296

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319378378ENMSc, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc Student, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Medical Students Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.20110308<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Nursing is a dynamic and supportive job, with the main role of taking care of patients. Maintaining appropriate communication of the nurse with the patients is particularly known as the main core of care in mental health. However, in spite of the importance of providing communication, one of the main sources of stress in nurses of psychiatry wards is communication with the patients. Some important reasons for inappropriate relationship between the nurse and patient can be lack of necessary skills to communicate with patients because of insufficient training. Although training communication skills is an important part of the education of medical and para-medical students, in recent studies it has been demonstrated that the communication skills learned in theoretical courses would not necessarily be transferred to clinical settings, and proving training in clinical settings is a must. The present study was carried out to determine the effect of training communication skills using psychoeducation method on the stress level of nurses of psychiatry wards in 2010.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> This is a quasi-experimental study. The participants were 45 nurses; 23 and 22 in the experiment and control groups, respectively, working in psychiatry wards of Noor and Farabi hospitals, Isfahan, Iran. The sampling was carried out by the census method, and then the participants were randomly assigned to the two groups of experiment and control, using random number table. The two groups filled out the demographic data form and also the questionnaire on nurses&rsquo; occupational stress, designed by the researcher. The questionnaire was filled out three times; before, immediately after, and one month after the training. Training of communication skills was carried out using group psychoeducation method, in six sessions, each lasted for 1.5 hours. The training sessions of the experiment group were held in Farabi Hospital.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> The findings indicated that before the intervention, the members of the two groups had a high level of occupational stress. Immediately after the training, the stress level of the experiment group decreased significantly, and the decrease was sustained for the following one month.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong><strong>:</strong> Training communicative skills using group psychoeducation method can decrease the occupational stress of psychiatry ward nurses.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Communicative skills; group psychoeducation; psychiatry ward nurses.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/378http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/378/292

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research1735-906615020110319380380ENMSc, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc Student, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc, Instructor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.MSc in midwifery,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.BS, Deputy of of Health Member, Navabe Safavi Health Center, Isfahan, Iran.20110308<ul><li><div class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>:</strong> Since premenstrual syndrome (PMS) can cause suicide, dissociation of familial relationships, abnormalities in the daily work and inter-personal relationships in the patients, and bring about direct and indirect economic burden for the society, it is important to resolve the problems of the patients. The objective of the current study is to determine the effect of magnesium (Mg), combination of vitamin B6 and Mg, and the placebo on the severity of PMS in the patients affected by the disease referred to the health centers of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences during 2009-2010.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>METHODS</strong><strong>:</strong> The participants were randomly assigned to two intervention groups and one control group. The study was carried out for four months in ten selected health centers in Isfahan. To confirm the PMS diagnosis in patients, they were asked to fill out the PMS daily symptom record form for two months and then, when the diagnosis was confirmed, the participants were randomly assigned to one of the three groups of the study (Mg, Mg plus vitamin B6, and placebo). Medical intervention was carried out in two menstrual cycles and the results of pre- and post-test were compared.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>RESULTS</strong><strong>:</strong> After the intervention, the mean score of PMS significantly decreased in all the three groups (p &lt; 0.05). The decrease was the greatest in the Mg plus vitamin B6 group, and was the least in the placebo group.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong><strong>:</strong> The findings indicated that Mg plus vitamin B6 and placebo has the greatest and the least effect on the mean score of PMS, respectively.</div></li><li><div class="abstract"><strong>KEY WORDS</strong><strong>:</strong> Premenstrual syndrome, magnesium, vitamin B6.</div></li></ul>http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/view/380http://ijnmr.mui.ac.ir/index.php/ijnmr/article/download/380/293