Psychosocial Factors Related to Dietary Habits in Women Undergoing Preconception Care

Zahra Karami, Nafisehsadat Nekuei, Ashraf Kazemi, Zamzam Paknahad

Abstract


Background: Correct health behaviors such as dietary habits before pregnancy ensure desired pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between psychosocial factors and dietary habits using social cognitive theory (SCT) in women undergoing preconception care (PCC).

Materials and Methods: This cross‑sectional study was conducted among 120 women from October to December 2015 in health centres in Isfahan, Iran. Using a researcher‑made questionnaire, the researcher conducted stratified random sampling and convenience sampling for selecting health centres and participants, respectively. For data analysis, the researcher applied the Pearson, Spearman’s, and linear regression test in SPSS software.

Results: The results showed that perceived support from healthcare personnel and outcome expectations are not associated with any of the components of dietary habits. Access to healthy food was inversely correlated with incorrect dietary habits (β = −0.19, p = 0.039) and had a direct correlation with daily consumption of fruits (β = 0.27, p = 0.006). Perceived support from the spouse had a direct correlation with desired dietary habits (β = 0.27, p = 0.006). Self‑efficacy was inversely correlated with incorrect dietary habits (β = −0.22, p = 0.011) and had a direct relationship with desired dietary habits (β = 0.25, p = 0.004).

Conclusions: To improve the nutritional status of women prior to pregnancy, interventions must be focused on increasing women’s access to healthy food and their self‑efficacy in maintaining a healthy diet.


Keywords


Food habits, Iran, preconception care, psychosocial factors

Full Text:

PDF

References


Haugen M, Brantsæter AL, Winkvist A, Lissner L, Alexander J, Oftedal B, et al. Associations of pre‑pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with pregnancy outcome and postpartum weight retention: A prospective observational cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2014;14:201.

Der Pal‑de Bruin V, Karin M, Le Cessie S, Elsinga J, Jong‑Potjer D, Lieke C, et al. Pre‑conception counselling in primary care: Prevalence of risk factors among couples contemplating pregnancy. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2008;22:280‑7.

Hammiche F, Laven JS, Van mil N, De Cock M, De Vries JH, Lindemans J, et al. Tailored preconceptional dietary and lifestyle counselling in a tertiary outpatient clinic in the Netherlands. Hum Reprod 2011;26:2432‑41.

Huijgen NA, Van De Kamp ME, Twigt JM, De Vries J H, Eilers PH, Steegers EA, et al. The Preconception Dietary Risk score; A simple tool to assess an inadequate habitual diet for clinical practice. E Spen J 2014;9:e13‑9.

Gardiner PM, Nelson L, Shellhaas CS, Dunlop AL, Long R, Andrist S, et al. The clinical content of preconception care: Nutrition and dietary supplements. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008;199:S345‑56.

Bao W, Tobias DK, Olsen SF, Zhang C. Pre‑pregnancy fried food consumption and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study. Diabetologia 2014;57:2485‑91.

Dave A, Maru L, Daksha S, Natu N. Weight dose matter a study of obesity on pregnancy and its outcome. JSAFOG 2013;5:107‑10.

Aviram A, Hod M, Yogev Y. Maternal obesity: Implications for pregnancy outcome and long‑term risks‑a link to maternal nutrition. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2011;115:S6‑10.

Melzer, K, Schutz Y. Pre‑pregnancy and pregnancy predictors of obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2010;34:S44‑52.

Køpp US, Dahl‑Jorgensen K, Stigum H, Andersen LF, Nass Ø, Nystad W. The associations between maternal pre‑pregnancy body mass index or gestational weight change during pregnancy and body mass index of the child at 3 years of age. Int J obes (Lond) 2012;36:1325‑31.

Cuervo M, Gonil L, Santiago S, Zazpe I, Garcia A, Martinez JA. Sociodemographic and dietary profile of 4,471 childbearing‑age women planning a pregnancy. Nutr Hosp 2014;29:337‑43.

Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, Spong CY, Dashe JS, Hoffman BL, et al. Williams obstetrics. 24th ed. New York, N.Y: McGraw Hill Medical; 2014. p. 966.

Temel S, Van Voorst SF, Jack BW, Denktas S, Steegers EA. Evidence_based preconceptional life style interventions. Epidemiol Rev 2014;36:19‑30.

Cuco G, Fernandez‑Ballart J, Sala J, Viladrich C, Iranzo R, Vila J, et al. Dietary patterns and associated lifestyles in preconception, pregnancy and postpartum. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006;60:364‑71.

Tomedi LE, Chang CC, Newby P, Evans RW, Luther JF, Wisner KL, et al. Pre‑pregnancy obesity and maternal nutritional biomarker status during pregnancy: A factor analysis. Public Health Nutr 2013;16:1414‑8.

Luton D, Forestier A, Courau S, Ceccaldi PF. Preconception care in France. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2014;125:144‑5.

Mitchell EW, Levis DM, Prue CE. Preconception health: Awareness, planning, and communication among a sample of US men and women. Matern Child Health J 2012;16:31‑9.

Nemati A, Panah Mogadam A. Assessment of nutritional status of women at reproductive age in ardebil province Iran. Res J Biol Sci 2008;3:116‑9.

Xie Y, Madkour AS, Harville EW. Preconception nutrition, physical activity, and birth outcomes in adolescent girls. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2015;28:471‑6.

Anderson ES, Winett RA, Wojcik JR. Self‑regulation, self‑efficacy, outcome expectations, and social support: Social cognitive theory and nutrition behavior. Ann Behav Med 2007;34:304‑12.

Abdeyazdan Z, Moshgdar H, Golshiri P. Evaluating the effect of lifestyle education based on health belief model for mothers of obese and overweight school‑age children on obesity‑related behaviours. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2017;22:248.

Hales SB, Davidson C, Turner‑McGrievy GM. Varying social media post types differentially impacts engagement in a behavioral weight loss intervention. Transl Behav Med 2014;4:355‑62.

Byrd‑Bredbenner C, Abbot JM, Cussler E. Relationship of social cognitive theory concepts to mothers’ dietary intake and BMI. Matern Child Nutr 2011;7:241‑52.

Anderson ES, Wojcjk JR, Winett RA Williams DM, Social‑cognitive determinants of physical activity: The influence of social support, self‑efficacy, outcome expectations, and self‑regulation among participants in a church‑based health promotion study. Health Psychol 2006;25:510.

Keshani P, Farvid M. Perceived benefits and barriers regarding high fiber food intake in type 2 diabetes patients‑a qualitative study. Iran J Nutr Scis Food Technol 2012;7:11‑22.

Lubans DR, Plotnikoff RC, Morgan PJ, Dewar D, Costigan S, Collins CE. Explaining dietary intake in adolescent girls from disadvantaged secondary schools. A test of Social Cognitive Theory. Appetite 2012;58:517‑24.

Chang MW, Prnitzke S, Brown R, Baumann L. Predictors of low‑income, obese mothers’ use of healthful weight management behaviors. J Nutr Educ Behav 2011;43:87‑95.

Seguin R, Connor L, Nelson M, Lacroix A, Eldridge G. Understanding barriers and facilitators to healthy eating and active living in rural communities. J Nutr Metab 2014;2014:146502.

Mirghafourvand M, Baheiraei A, Nedjat S, Mohammadi E, Charandabi SM, Majdzadeh RA. Population‑based study of health‑promoting behaviors and their predictors in Iranian women of reproductive age. Health Promot Int 2014;30:586‑94.

Squiers L, Mitchell EW, Levis DM, Lynch M, Dollna S, Margolls M, et al. Consumers’ perceptions of preconception health. Am J Health Promot 2013;27:S10‑9.

Fowles ER, Stang J, Bryant M, Kim S. Stress, depression, social support, and eating habits reduce diet quality in the first trimester in low‑income women: A pilot study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2012;112:1619‑25.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.