The Impact of Kobasa and Maddi Hardiness Model on Stress and Hardiness of Iranian Pediatric Nurses: A Clinical Trial Study
Abstract
Background: Pediatric nurses, who take care of ill children and interact with their exhausted and anxious parents, face more challenges for which some strategies must be considered to reduce tensions and improve mental health. This study was conducted to examine the effect of Kobasa and Maddi hardiness model on hardiness and perceived stress among nurses in pediatric units of a hospital in Isfahan – Iran in 2018.
Materials and Methods: Participants were 57 nurses selected from the staff of pediatric units. They were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Data collection was done by means of Kobasa Hardiness Inventory and perceived stress scale. The intervention group attended educational and exercise sessions for 3 months. Data were analyzed through descriptive (frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and analytical (Chi-square, Fisher exact test, Mann–Whitney, and t-tests) statistics.
Results: Results of study revealed that before the intervention, the mean scores of hardiness and perceived stress of nurses were not significant. However, significant differences were observed after the intervention for hardiness and perceived stress (t 2,98 p < 0.004, t2,4 p < 0.02), respectively. The mean (SD) hardiness score in the intervention group increased from 65.06 (9.11) to 71.27 (7.44), whereas mean perceived stress score decreased from 26.54 (7.59) to 22.55 (8.39) after the intervention.
Conclusions: The implementation of Hardiness Kobasa and Maddi Model increased hardiness and decreased perceived stress of the nurses. Thus, nursing managers may implement the Kobasa and Maddi hardiness model before initiating their job and during continuing education.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Martín-Del-Río B, Solanes-Puchol Á, Martínez-Zaragoza F, Benavides-Gil G. Stress in nurses: The 100 top, cited papers published in nursing journals. J Adv Nurs 2018;74:1488-504.
Hagstrom S. Family stress in pediatric critical care. J Ped Nurs 2017;32:32-40.
Kellogg MB, Knight M, Dowling JS, Crawford SL. Secondary traumatic stress in pediatric nurses. J Ped Nurs 2018;43:97-103.
Mosayebi M, Rassouli M, Nasiri M. Correlation of occupational stress with professional self-concept in pediatric nurses. J Heal Prom Manage 2018.;6:23-9.
Kshetrimayum N, Bennadi D, Siluvai S. Stress among staff nurses: A hospital-based study. J Natur Sci Med 2019;2:95.
Cooper JR. Functional Social Support and Perceived Stress of Nurses in Secular and Religiously Affiliated Hospitals Submitted. Doctoral dissertation, Grand Canyon University. Arizona, 2020.
Kobasa SC. Stressful life events, personality, and health: An inquiry into hardiness. J Pers Soc Psychol 1979;37:1-11.
Maddi SR, Harvey RH, Khoshaba DM, Fazel M, Resurreccion N. The relationship of hardiness and some other relevant variables to college performance. J Humanistic Psych 2012;52:190-205.
Farahani SM, Jahangir P. The role of perceived social support and emotional regulation styles in predicting psychological well-being in people with diabetes. Revista Publicando. 2018, 8;5(14):194-213.
Hurst S, Koplin-Baucum S. A pilot qualitative study relating to hardiness in ICU nurses: Hardiness in ICU nurses. Dimens Crit Care Nurs 2005;24:97-100
Abdollahi A, Abu Talib M, Carlbring P, Harvey R, Yaacob SN, Ismail Z. Problem-solving skills and perceived stress among undergraduate students: The moderating role of hardiness. J Health Psychol 2018;23:1321-31.
Turner K, McCarthy VL. Stress and anxiety among nursing students: A review of intervention strategies in literature between 2009 and 2015. Nurse Educ Pract 2017;22:21-9.
Babaie Amiri N, Haghighat S, Ashuri J. The association between burnout, hardiness and perceived social support with nurses’ mental health. Journal of Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamedan, 2016;24:120-6. DOI: 10.20286/nmj-24027.
Al Sunni A, Latif R. Perceived stress among medical students in preclinical years: A Saudi Arabian perspective. Saudi J Heal Sci 2014;3:155-9.
Maddi SR, Harvey RH, Khoshaba DM, Fazel M, Resurreccion N. Hardiness training facilitates performance in college. J Posit Psych 2009;4:566-77.
Mawarni A. The Exercise group technique on academic hardiness in senior high school students. Inter E-J Advan Edu 2017;3:492-500.
Zabihi R, Beheshteh N, Asgari, SH. The effect of rigorous teaching on self-efficacy and self-regimen of first-grade high school students in Tehran. Qtly J Couns Psychol 2014;12:14-8.
Jameson PR. The effects of a hardiness educational intervention on hardiness and perceived stress of junior baccalaureate nursing students. Nurs Educ Today 2014;34:603-7.
Sadeghpour Kharkani M, Namdar P, Nikyar A, Taghipour M. The effectiveness of hardship skills training on increasing general health and staff satisfaction. Psychol Educ Sci Soc Sci 2017;1:45-63.
Aslan H, Akturk U. Nursing education stress levels of nursing students and the associated factors. Journal of Turgut Ozal Medical Center. 2018;25(4).
Bartone PT, Eid J, Hystad SW. Training hardiness for stress resilience. Mil Psychol Con Trends and Interventions 2016;26:231-48.
Ebrahimi L, Moradi F. Corelation of perceived social support and psychological hardness with perceived stress and aggression in retired veterans. Iranian J War Publ Heal 2018;10:157-64.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.