Perceived Child Abuse and Neglect in Hospitalized Children with Special Health Care Needs in Iran

Niloofar Bahrami, Maryam Tork Torabi, Reza Sotoudeh, Mahboobeh Namnabati

Abstract


Background: Child Abuse and Neglect (CAN) is an important public health concern. Nurses play a key role in caring for the children and keeping them safe from abuse and neglect. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of perceived CAN in Hospitalized Children with Special Health Care Needs (CSHCN) as well as the relationship between the rate and some effective factors.

Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross‑sectional study on 199 CSHCN aged 6–18 years old, admitted to the pediatric wards in an educational hospital, in Isfahan, Iran, in 2018. Children were selected through convenience sampling method and assessed for CAN through a child abuse questionnaire. The Pearson correlation coefficient and Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to analyze the data. The p values smaller than 0.05 were regarded as significant.

 Results: According to the findings, 173 children (86.93%) had perceived CAN, the average total score of which was 9.36 contributing commonly to malnutrition 3.01 (2.36) followed by psycho‑emotional abuse 2.71 (1.76), neglect 1.62 (1.23), and physical 1.52 (1.08) and sexual 0.54 (0.31) abuse based on mean (SD). Statistical analysis indicated a significant effect of child’s age, economic situation of the family, mother’s education and occupation, and parents’ illness on the total score of perceived CAN (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Malnutrition was found to be the most common type of perceived CAN. Therefore, parents and the health system are advised to prioritize nutritional needs when planning their nutrition.



Keywords


Child abuse, hospitalization, Iran, malnutrition

Full Text:

PDF

References


Hsin Y Ch, Chang Y Ch, Lee E P, Chiu Ch H, Chou I J, Hsia Sh H, et al. Risk factors for child maltreatment by the utilization of medical service and socioeconomic environment in Taiwan. Medicine 2018;97:52.

Olatosi OO, Ogordi PU, Oredugba FA, Sote EO. Experience and knowledge of child abuse and neglect: A survey among a group of resident doctors in Nigeria. Nigerian Postgrad Med J 2018;25:225 33.

Stoltenborgh M, Bakermans Kranenburg MJ, Alink LRA, Ijzendoorn MH. The prevalence of child maltreatment across the globe: Review of a series of meta analyses. Child Abuse Rev 2015;24:37 50.

Mohammadi MR, Zarafshan H, Khaleghi A. Child abuse in Iran: A systematic review and meta analysis. Iran J Psychiatry 2014;9:118 24.

Dessena B, Mullan PG. A cross sectional survey of Child abuse management knowledge among emergency medicine personnel in Gape Town, South Africa. Afr J Emerg Med 2018;8:59 63.

Hockenberry MJ, Wilson D. Wong’s Nursing Care of Infant and Children. 11th ed. USA: Elsevier, Mosby; 2019.

Brodie N, McColgan MD, Spector ND, Turchi RM. Child abuse in children and youth with special health care needs. Pediatr Rev 2017;38:463 70.

Ziaei Sh, Safari N, Golchin M, Naji H, Hasanzadeh A. A comparison study on child abuse by parents between healthy children and those with chronic diseases. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2009;14:143 9.

Herold B, St Claire K, Snider S, Narayan A. Integration of the nurse practitioner into your Child abuse team. J Pediatr Health Care 2018;32:313 8.

Hadianfard H. Child abuse in group of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in comparison with normal children. Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery 2014;2:77 84.

Herdman TH, Kamitsuru S. NANDA, Nursing Diagnoses: Definitions and Classification 2015 2017. 10th ed. New Jersey: Wiley Blackwell; 2014. p. 279, 410, 452.

Lines LE, Hutton AE, Grant J. Integrative review: Nurses’ roles and experiences in keeping children safe. J Adv Nurs 2017;73:302 22.

Borimnejad L, Khoshnavay Fomani F. Child abuse reporting barriers: Iranian Nurses’ experiences. Iran Red Crescent Med J 2015;17:e22296.

KeshavarzValiyan N, Keshavarzi Arshadi K. Comparison of child abuse between normal children and children with learning disorder. J Rehabil 2010;11:42 9.

Khosravan Sh, Sajjadi M, Moshari J, Barzegar Shoorab Sofla F. The effect of education on the attitude and child abuse behaviors of mothers with 3 6 years old children: A randomized controlled trial study. Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery 2018;6:227 38.

Nourbakhsh A. survey on the relationship between child abuse and aggression in non university youth and adolescents in the city of Maku, Bachelor’s thesis, Islamic Azad University, Psychology Department, 2013.

Allen PJ, Vessey JA, Schapiro NA. Primary Care of the Child with a Chronic Condition. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Mosby; 2010.

Sari Gokten E, SadayDuman N, Soylu N, Uzun ME. Effects of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder on child abuse and neglect. Child Abuse Negl 2016;62:1 9.

Li L, Lin X, Chi P, Heath MA, Fang X, Du H, et al. Maltreatment and emotional and behavioral problems in Chinese children with and without oppositional defiant disorder: The mediating role of the parent child relationship. J Interpers Violence 2016 31:2915 39.

Brownlie EB, Graham E, Bao L, Koyama E, Beitchman JH. Language disorder and retrospectively reported sexual abuse of girls: Severity and disclosure. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2017;58:1114 21.

Bahrami N, Pahlavanzadeh S, Marofi M. Effect of a supportive training program on anxiety in children with chronic kidney problems and their mothers’ caregiver burden. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2019;24:193 9.

Regnaut O, Jeu Steenhouwer M, Manaouil C, Gignon M. Risk factors for child abuse: Levels of knowledge and difficulties in family medicine. A mixed method study. BMC Res Notes 2015;8:620.

Meinck F, Fry D, Ginindza Ch, Wazny K, Elizalde A, Spreckelsen TF, et al. Emotional abuse of girls in Swaziland: Prevalence, perpetrators, risk and protective factors and health outcomes. J Glob Health 2017;7:010410.

Zhou Y, Liang Y, Cheng J, Zheng H, Liu Z. Child maltreatment in Western China: Demographic differences and association with mental health. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019;16:3619. doi: 10.3390/ijerph 16193619.

Malekshahi F. Farhadi A. Prevalence of child abuse among students of Khorramabad secondary school in 2011. Yafteh 2013;15:31 9.

Arabghol F, Derakhshanpour F, DavariAshtiayani R, Chimeh N, Panaghi L. Identification and evaluation of abused children at Imam Hossein hospital. Int J High Risk Behav Addict 2016;5:e27531.

Hosseinkhani Z, Nedjat S, Aflatouni A, Mahram M, Majdzadeh R. Socioeconomic inequality and child maltreatment in Iranian school children. East Mediterr Health J 2015;21:819 27.

Al Dosari MN, Ferwana M, Abdulmajeed I, Aldossari KK, Al Zahrani JM. Parents’ perceptions about child abuse and their impact on physical and emotional child abuse: A study from primary health care centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. J Family Community Med 2017;24:79 85.

Roscoe JN, Lery B, Chambers JE. Understanding child protection decisions involving parents with mental illness and substance abuse. Child Abuse Negl 2018;81:235 48.

Pinquart M. Parenting stress in caregivers of children with chronic physical condition A meta analysis. Stress Health 2018;34:197 207.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.