Effect of Empowerment Model Based Program on Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic disease with a high prevalence globally, which is in the second place of importance for the investigation of chronic diseases. According to previous studies, Quality of Life (QOL) is low in diabetic patients. Hence, this study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the effect of the empowerment model on the QOL of patients with T2D.
Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled trial was performed on 103 T2D patients over 18 years of age, with a definitive diagnosis of diabetes and medical records in a diabetic center. Patients were randomly assigned to either the intervention or the control groups. Routine education was presented to the control group, and the empowerment model was used for education in the experimental group for 8 weeks. The data collection tools used consisted of a demographic characteristics form and the diabetic clients QOL questionnaire. The one‑way analysis of variance, Chi‑square test, paired t‑test, and independent t‑test were used for data analysis.
Results: After the intervention, there were significant differences between the two groups in terms of the physical (p = 0.003), mental (p = 0.002), social (p = 0.013), economic (p = 0.042), and illness and treatment dimensions of QOL (p = 0.033), as well as the total QOL score (p = 0.011).
Conclusions: According to the results of this study, the training program based on empowerment significantly increased the QOL of patients with T2D. Therefore, using this method can be recommended in patients with T2D.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Cheloni R, Gandolfi S, Signorelli C, Odone A. Global prevalence of diabetic retinopathy: Protocol for a systematic review and meta analysis. BMJ Open 2019;9:e022188.
Li S, Wang J, Zhang B, Li X, Liu Y. Diabetes mellitus and cause specific mortality: A population based study. Diabetes Metab J. 2019;43:319 41.
Esteghamati A, Larijani B, Aghajani MH, Ghaemi F, Kermanchi J, Shahrami A, et al. Diabetes in Iran: prospective analysis from first nationwide diabetes report of National Program for Prevention and Control of Diabetes (NPPCD 2016). Sci Rep 2017;7:13461.
Conversano C. Common psychological factors in chronic diseases. Front Psychol 2019;10:2727.
Aschalew AY, Yitayal M, Minyihun A. Health related quality of life and associated factors among patients with diabetes mellitus at the University of Gondar referral hospital. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020;18:1 8.
Myers VH, McVay MA, Brashear MM, Johannsen NM, Swift DL, Kramer K, et al. Exercise training and quality of life in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care 2013:121153.
Kesika P, Sivamaruthi BS, Chaiyasut C. Do probiotics improve the health status of individuals with diabetes mellitus? A review on outcomes of clinical trials. Biomed Res Int 2019;14. doi: 10.1155/2019/1531567.
Tan E, Khoo J, Gani LU, Malakar RD, Tay TL, Tirukonda PS, et al. Effect of multidisciplinary intensive targeted care in improving diabetes mellitus outcomes: A randomized controlled pilot study–the integrated diabetes education, awareness and lifestyle modification in Singapore (IDEALS) program. Trials 2019;20:549.
Hawks JH. Empowerment in nursing education: concept analysis and application to philosophy, learning and instruction. J Adv Nurs 1992;17:609-18. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1992.tb02840.x.
Gomez Velasco DV, Almeda Valdes P, Martagon AJ, Galán Ramírez GA, Aguilar Salinas CA. Empowerment of patients with type 2 diabetes: Current perspectives. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019;12:1311.
Nusem E, Straker K, Wrigley C. Design for empowerment. InDesign Innovation for Health and Medicine. Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan; 2020. p. 73 96.
Mamaghani HA, Tabrizi FJ, Seyedrasooli A, Sarbakhsh P, Gargari RB, Zamanzadeh V, et al. Effect of empowerment program with and without telenursing on self efficacy and glycosylated hemoglobin index of patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized clinical trial. J Caring Sci 2021;10:22 8.
Wang RH, Lin CC, Chen SY, Hsu HC, Huang CL. The impact of self stigma, role strain, and diabetes distress on quality of life and glycemic control in women with diabetes: A 6 month prospective study. Biol Res Nurs 2021;23:619 28.
Tol A, Alhani F, Shojaeazadeh D, Sharifirad G, Moazam N. An empowering approach to promote the quality of life and self management among type 2 diabetic patients. J Educ Health Promot 2015;4:13.
Pibernik Okanovic M, Prasek M, Poljicanin Filipovic T, Pavlic Renar I, Metelko Z. Effects of an empowerment based psychosocial intervention on quality of life and metabolic control in type 2 diabetic patients. Patient Educ Couns 2004;52:193 9.
Kakhki A D, Saeedi ZH A, Farideh Y, Hamid AM, A M. Survey correlation between quality of life and disease and demographic variables of diabetic patients referred to Tehran hospitals in 2004. Iran J Endocrinol Metab 2006;8:49 56.
Association AD. Standards of medical care in diabetes 2012. Diabetes Care 2012;35:11 63.
Shojaeezadeh D, Tol A, Sharifirad G, Alhani F. Effect of education program based on empowerment model in promoting self care among type 2 diabetic patients in Isfahan. Razi J Med Sci 2013;20:18.
Heidari M, Alhani F, Kazemnejad A, Moezzi F. The effect of empowerment model on quality of life of Diabetic adolescents. Iran J Pediatr 2007;17:87 94.
Vahedian Azimi A, Miller AC, Hajiesmaieli M, Kangasniemi M, Alhani F, Jelvehmoghaddam H, et al. Cardiac rehabilitation using the family centered empowerment model versus home based cardiac rehabilitation in patients with myocardial infarction: A randomised controlled trial. Open Heart 2016;3:e000349.
Ebrahimi H, Sadeghi M, Amanpour, F, Vahedi H. Evaluation of empowerment model on indicators of metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes, a randomized clinical trial study. Prim Care Diabetes 2016;10:129 35.
Heidari M, Alhani F, Kazemnejad A, Moezzi F. The effect of empowerment model on quality of life of diabetic adolescents. Iran J Pediatr 2007;17:87 94.
Cheng L, Sit JW, Choi K C, Chair S Y, Li X, Wu Y, et al. The effects of an empowerment based self management intervention on empowerment level, psychological distress, and quality of life in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud 2019;116:103407.
Nasrabadi H, Nikraftar F, Gholami M, Mahmoudirad G. Effect of family centered empowerment model on eating habits, weight, Hemoglobin A1C, and blood glucose in Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes. Evid Based Care 2021;11:25 34.
Cheng L, Sit JW, Choi K C, Chair S Y, Li X, Wu Y, et al. Effectiveness of a patient centred, empowerment based intervention programme among patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: A randomised controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud 2018;79:43 51.
Shin S, Park H. Effect of empowerment on the quality of life of the survivors of breast cancer: The moderating effect of self help group participation. Jpn J Nurs 2017;14:3119.
Mamaghani HA, Tabrizi FJ, Seyedrasooli A, Sarbakhsh P, Gargari RB, Zamanzadeh V, et al. Effect of Empowerment program with and without telenursing on self efficacy and glycosylated hemoglobin index of patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized clinical trial. J Caring Sci 2021;10:22.
Cheng L, Sit JW, Choi K C, Chair S Y, Li X, Wu Y, et al. The effects of an empowerment based self management intervention on empowerment level, psychological distress, and quality of life in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud 2021;116:103407.
Chen Y, Tian Y, Sun X, Wang B, Huang X. Effectiveness of empowerment based intervention on HbA1c and self efficacy among cases with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta analysis of randomised controlled trials. Medicine 2021;100:e27353.
Mikhael EM, Hassali MA, Hussain SA. Effectiveness of diabetes self management educational programs for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in middle east countries: A systematic review Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020;13:117.
Pilevar N, Ramezani M, Malek A, Behnam Vashani H. Effect of implementing family centered empowerment model on the quality of life in school age children diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. Evid Based Care 2019;9:65 73.
Asadi M, Tabari F, Haghani S, Heidari ME. The impact of empowerment model based education on quality of life of transgender people under hormone therapy: A randomised clinical trial. J Family Med Prim Care 2020;9:2794.
Nemati H, Khanouki ZM, Ghasempour M, Amirifar AA, Karahroudi FA, Gholami M. The effect of family empowerment model on quality of life in children with epilepsy in South of Iran, 2018: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Iran J Child Neurol 2021;15:55.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.