The effect of neuro-linguistic programming on occupational stress in critical care nurses
Abstract
Background: The use of coping strategies in reducing the adverse effects of stress can be helpful. Nero‑linguistic programming (NLP) is one of the modern methods of psychotherapy. This study aimed to determine the effect of NLP on occupational stress in nurses working in critical care units of Urmia.
Materials and Methods: This study was carried out quasi‑experimentally (before–after) with control and experimental groups. Of all the nurses working in the critical care units of Urmia Imam Khomeini and Motahari educational/therapeutic centers, 60 people participated in this survey. Eighteen sessions of intervention were done, each for 180 min. The experimental group received NLP program (such as goal setting, time management, assertiveness skills, representational system, and neurological levels, as well as some practical and useful NLP techniques). Expanding Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS) was used as the data gathering tool. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Descriptive statistics and Chi‑square test, Mann–Whitney test, and independent t‑test were used to analyze the data.
Results: The baseline score average of job stress was 120.88 and 121.36 for the intervention and control groups, respectively (P = 0.65). After intervention, the score average of job stress decreased to 64.53 in the experimental group while that of control group remained relatively unchanged (120.96). Mann–Whitney test results showed that stress scores between the two groups was statistically significant (P = 0.0001).
Conclusions: The results showed that the use of NLP can increase coping with stressful situations, and it can reduce the adverse effects of occupational stress.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Lundy KS, Janes SH. Community Health Nursing: Caring for the Publics Health. 2nd ed. New York: Kevin Sullivan Publisher; 2009. p. 31‑45.
Cooper C, Dewe PJ, Odriscoll MP. Organizational Stress: A Review and Critique of Theory, Research and Applications. 1st ed. London: SAGE Publications; 2001. p. 120‑7.
Wu S, Zhu W, Wang Z, Wang M, Lan Y. Relationship between burnout and occupational stress among nurses in china. J Adv Nurse 2007;59:233‑9.
Evans W, Kelly B. Pre‑registration diploma student nurse stress and coping measures. Nurse Educ Today 2004;24:473‑82.
Ghasemi A, Attar M. Evaluation of Occupational Stressors in Nurses Working Babul, Sari and Behshahr Hospitals. Available from: http://www.betsa.ir. [Last accessed on 2005 Jun 17].
Lazarus RS. Stress and Emotion: A New Synthesis. 1st ed. New York: Springer Publishing Company; 2006. p 110‑31.
Garth MC, Reid N, Boor J. Occupational stress in nursing. Int J Nurse Stud 2003;40:55‑6.
Mims A, Stanford T. Stress and burnout among critical care nurses. J Clin Nurs 2004;12:482‑8.
Mohammad FA, Gaafar YA, Abd Alkader WM. Pediatric nurses’stresses in intensive care units and its related factors. J Am Sci 2011;7:304‑15.
Bandler R, Grinder J. The Secrets of Being Happy: The Technology of Hope, Health, and Harmony. New York: IM Press; 2011. p. 32‑45.
Sturt J, Ali S, Robertson W, Metcalfe D, Grove A, Bourne C, et al. Neurolinguistic programming: A systematic review of the effects on health outcomes. Br J Gen Pract 2012;62:e757‑64.
Murray LL. Limited evidence that neurolinguistic programming improves health‑related outcomes. Evid Based Ment Health 2013;16:79.
Dilts RB, Delozier JA. Encyclopedia of Systemaic Neuro‑Linguistic Programming and NLP New Coding. 1st ed. Scotts Valley: NLP University Press; 2000. p. 201‑12.
Karunaratne M. Nero‑Linguistic‑programming and application in treatment of phobias. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2010;16:203‑7.
Bigley J, Griffiths PD, Prydderch A, Romanowski CA, Mikes L, Lidiard H, et al. Neurolinguistic programming used to reduce the need for anaesthesia in claustrophobic patients undergoing MRI. Br J Radiol 2010;83:113‑7.
French SE, Lenton R, Walters V, Eyles J. An empirical evaluation of an expanded nursing stress scale. J Nurs Meas 2000;8:161‑78.
Cha ES, Kim KH, Erlen JA. Translation of scales in cross‑cultural research: Issues and techniques. J Adv Nurs 2007;58:386‑95.
Bandler R, Fitzpatrick O, Roberti A. How to Take Charge of Your Life: The User’s Guide to NLP. New York: Harper Collins; 2014. p. 45‑67.
Farmland MC, Vizzini T. NLP Essential Skills. 1999. p. 67‑89. Available from: http://www.essential‑skills.com. [Last accessed on 1999 Apr 04].
Tosey P, Mathison J. Exploring inner landscapes through psychophenomenology: The contribution of neuro‑linguistic programming to innovations in researching first person experience. QROM 2010;5:63‑82.
McVanel S, Morris B. Staff’s perceptions of voluntary assertiveness skills training. J Nurs Staff Dev 2010;26:256‑9.
Witkowski T. Thirty‑five years of research on neuro‑linguistic programming. NLP research data base. State of the art or pseudoscientific decoration? Pol Psychol Bull 2011;41:58‑66.
Preto VA, Pedrão LJ. Stress among nurses who work at the intensive care unit. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2009;43:841‑8.
Embriaco N, Papazian L, Kentish‑Barnes N, Pochard F, Azoulay E. Burnout syndrom among critical care healthcare workers. Curr Opin Crit Care 2007;13:482‑8.
Milutinović D, Golubović B, Brkić N, Prokeš B. Professional stress and health among critical care nursing in serbia. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2012;63:171‑80.
Harman LR, O’neill C. Neuro‑linguistic programming for ounselors. J Instr Psychol 005;38:167‑76.
Prentice DA. The Individual Self Relational Self and Collective Self. 2nd ed. New York: Taylor and Francis; 2001. p. 131‑4.
Biggs JB, Tang C. Teaching for Quality Learning at University. 4th ed. Maidenhead: McGraw Hill Education and Open University Press; 2011. p. 45‑8.
Stipancic M, Renner W, Schütz P, Dond R. Effects of Neuro‑linguistic psychotherapy on psychological difficulties and perceived quality of life. Counseling and Psychotherapy Research 2009;10:39‑49.
Sørensen LB, Greve T, Kreutzer M, Pedersen U, Nielsen CM, Toubro S, et al. Weight maintenance through behavior modification with a cooking course or neurolinguistic programming. Can J Diet Pract Res 2011;72:181‑5.
Scheemeister E. The Impact of Regular NLP Training on the Performancec Motivation of Children in Primary School. 1st ed. Santa Cruz: NLP University Press; 2002. p. 67‑76.
Kamp D. Tapping your own excellence using NLP. Executive Development 1992;5:72‑7.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.