Translation and Psychometric Properties of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory in Iranian Nurses

Sara Mahmoudi, Foroozan Atashzadeh Shoorideh, Maryam Rassouli, Azam Moslemi, Amir Hossein Pishgooie, Hadi Azimi

Abstract


Abstract
Background: Burnout has its focus on exhaustion and it includes persistent response to long‑lasting job‑related stressful events. It has a special relevance in health care area in which staff is under constant psychological, emotional, and physical stress. The results of several studies on burnout
prevalence among Iranian nurses indicate its high incidence. Therefore, more accurate researches are required for better preventive interventions, and to do so, a reliable validated scale is required. One of the suitable and new tools for the measurement of burnout is Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI). This study aimed to translate and investigate psychometric properties of CBI in Iranian nurses.

Materials and Methods: In this methodological study, after the translation process, face and content validities via qualitative and quantitative methods was done. Content validation ratio, scale‑level content validated index, item‑level content validity index were measured. Then, construct validity was determined through factor analysis. Furthermore, internal consistency reliability and stability were assessed. The questionnaire was sent to 450 nurses who were randomly selected via quota sampling.

 Results: Face and content validity were acceptable. After translation and cultural adaptation process, exploratory factor analysis suggested a new model based on four factors and fit indices validated this model via confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency and stability of CBI were affirmed for each subscale separately.

Conclusions: The four‑factor Persian version of the CBI proved to enjoy acceptable psychometric properties. It can be applied to evaluate burnout in Iranian nurses or other health care providers.


Keywords


Burnout; Copenhagen Burnout Inventory; factor analysis; nurses; psychometric properties

Full Text:

PDF

References


Freudenberger HJ. Staff burnout. JSI 1974;30:159‑65.

Maslach C. Burned‑out. Human Behav 1976;5:16‑22.

Schaufeli WB, Greenglass ER. Introduction to special issue on burnout and health. Psychol Health 2001;16:501‑10.

Kristensen TS, Borritz M, Villadsen E, Christensen KB. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory: A new tool for the assessment of burnout. Work Stress 2005;19:192‑207.

Beckstead JW. Confirmatory factor analysis of the Maslach Burnout Inventory among Florida nurses. Int J Nurs Stud 2002;39:785‑92.

Institute of Medicine Committee on Quality of Health Care in America. Crossing the quality CHSM: A new health system for ychometric of CBI in Iranian nurses the 21st century. Paper presented at the National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 2001.

Mbuthia NN. An investigation into the factors that nurses working in critical care units perceive. University of South Africa, Unpublished thesis, 2009.

Jaworek M, Marek T, Karwowski W, Andrzejczak C, Genaidy AM. Burnout syndrome as a mediator for the effect of work‑related factors on musculoskeletal complaints among hospital nurses. Int J Ind Ergon 2010;40:368‑75.

Ahola K, Hakanen J. Job strain, burnout, and depressive symptoms: A prospective study among dentists. J Affect Disord 2007;104:103‑10.

Vela‑Bueno A, Moreno‑Jiménez B, Rodríguez‑Muñoz A, Olavarrieta‑Bernardino S, Fernández‑Mendoza J, De la Cruz‑Troca JJ, et al. Insomnia and sleep quality among primary care physicians with low and high burnout levels. J Psychosom Res 2008;64:435‑42.

Piko BF. Burnout, role conflict, job satisfaction and psychosocial health among Hungarian health care staff: A questionnaire survey. Int J Nurs Stud 2006;43:311‑8.

Risambessy A, Swasto B, Thoyib A, Astuti ES. The influence of transformational leadership style, motivation, burnout towards job satisfaction and employee performance. J Basic Appl Sci Res 2012;2:8833‑42.

Aiken LH, Sermeus W, Van den Heede K, Sloane DM, Busse R, McKee M, et al. Patient safety, satisfaction, and quality of hospital care: Cross sectional surveys of nurses and

patients in 12 countries in Europe and the United States. BMJ 2012;344:e1717

McHugh MD, Kutney‑Lee A, Cimiotti JP, Sloane DM, Aiken LH. Nurses’ widespread job dissatisfaction, burnout, and frustration with health benefits signal problems for patient care. Health Aff (Millwood) 2011;30:202‑10.

Cimiotti JP, Aiken LH, Sloane DM, Wu ES. Nurse staffing, burnout, and health care‑associated infection. Am J Infect Control 2012;40:486‑90.

Anoosheh M, Ahmadi F, Faghihzadeh S, Vaismoradi M. Causes and management of nursing practice errors: A questionnaire survey of hospital nurses in Iran. Int Nurs Rev 2008;55:288‑95.

Dehghan Nayeri N, Nazari AA, Salsali M, Ahmadi F, Adib Hajbaghery M. Iranian staff nurses’ views of their productivity and management factors improving and impeding it: A qualitative study. Nurs Health Sci 2006;8:51‑6.

Khodabakhsh M, Mansuri P. Analysis and comparison between frequency and depth of job‑burnout aspects among male and female nurses. ZJRMS 2011;13:40‑2.

Winwood PC, Winefield AH. Comparing two measures of burnout among dentists in Australia. Int J Stress Manag 2004;11:282‑9.

LoBiondo‑Wood G, Haber J. Nursing Research: Methods and Critical Appraisal for Evidence‑Based Practice. Louise, MO: Mosby, Elsevier; 2010.

Severinsson E. Evaluation of the Manchester clinical supervision scale: Norwegian and Swedish versions. J Nurs Manag 2012;20:81‑9.

Brown TA. Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Applied Research. New York: The Guilford Press; 2006.

Seo DC, Torabi MR, Blair EH, Ellis NT. A cross‑validation of safety climate scale using confirmatory factor analytic approach. J Safety Res 2004;35:427‑45.

Helsen K, Van den Bussche E, Vlaeyen JW, Goubert L. Confirmatory factor analysis of the Dutch Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale: Comparison of the full and short version. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2013;44:21‑9.

Polit D, Beck CT. Nursing Research: Generating and Assessing Evidence for Nursing Practice. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012.

Munro BH. Statistical Methods for Health Care Research. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005.

Knezevic B, Milosevic M, Golubic R, Belosevic L, Russo A, Mustajbegovic J. Work‑related stress and work ability among Croatian university hospital midwives. Midwifery 2011;27:146‑53.

Shimizutani M, Odagiri Y, Ohya Y, Shimomitsu T, Kristensen TS, Maruta T, et al. Relationship of nurse burnout with personality characteristics and coping behaviors. Ind Health 2008;46:326‑35.

Euwema MC, Kop N, Bakker AB. The behaviour of police officers in conflict situations: How burnout and reduced dominance contribute to better outcomes. Work Stress 2004;18:23‑38.

Demir A, Ulusoy M, Ulusoy M. Investigation of factors influencing burnout levels in the professional and private lives of nurses. Int J Nurs Stud 2003;40:807‑27.

Yeh WY, Cheng Y, Chen CJ, Hu PY, Kristensen TS. Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of Copenhagen Burnout Inventory among employees in two companies in Taiwan. Int J Behav Med 2007;14:126‑33.

Milfont TL, Denny S, Ameratunga S, Robinson E, Merry S. Burnout and wellbeing: Testing the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory in New Zealand teachers. Soc Indic Res 2007;89:169‑77.

Molinero Ruiz E, Basart Gómez‑Quintero H, Moncada Lluis S. Validation of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory to assess professional burnout in Spain. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2013;87:165‑79.

Fong TC, Ho RT, Ng SM. Psychometric properties of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory‑Chinese version. J Psychol 2014;148:255‑66


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.