Endometrial Expression of Angiogenesis related Factors Following Ovarian Stimulation and Epigallocatechin Gallate Administration

Fahimeh Zamani Rarani, Mohammadreza Sharifi, Bahman Rashidi

Abstract


Background: AngiomiRs are a specialized subclass of microRNAs that target genes related to angiogenesis, such as Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). Angiogenesis is crucial in all stages of pregnancy and is essential for creating a receptive endometrium for embryo implantation. Both ovarian stimulation and Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), a major component of green tea, can influence angiogenesis. This study aims to examine endometrial quality, with a focus on angiogenesis, as well as serum levels of estradiol and progesterone, following EGCG administration in ovarian‑stimulated mice, as a valuable model for studying human reproductive health and diseases. Methods and Materials: Forty adult female mice were assigned to four distinct groups: 1) control, 2) ovarian stimulation (7.5 IU HMG followed by 7.5 IU HCG 48 hours later, administered intraperitoneally), 3) EGCG (5 mg/kg EGCG for 4 days, IP), and 4) ovarian stimulation + EGCG groups. Gene expression analysis of miR‑16‑5p was performed using real‑time polymerase chain reaction. VEGF protein and CD31‑positive cell density were assessed through immunohistochemistry, and serum estradiol and progesterone levels were measured using ELISA. Results: Endothelial cell density, VEGF protein, and miR‑16‑5p expression and estradiol concentration significantly increased in the ovarian stimulation group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The smallest reduction in these parameters was observed in the group that received EGCG. EGCG also significantly reduced the progesterone level (p < 0.05). Conclusion: EGCG significantly reduced endometrial angiogenesis, and angiomiR‑16‑5p may mediate the effects of EGCG on endometrial quality; however, further studies are needed.

 


Keywords


Endometrium, epigallocatechin gallate, MicroRNAs, ovary, vascular endothelial growth factors

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